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Linking the explicit probability of entrainment of instrumented particles to flow hydrodynamics
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-05 , DOI: 10.1002/esp.5188
Khaldoon AlObaidi 1 , Manousos Valyrakis 1
Affiliation  

Obtaining a better understanding of the underlying dynamics of the interaction of turbulent flows and the bed surface that contains them, leading to the transport of coarse particles in fluvial, coastal, and aeolian environments, is considered as one of the fundamental objectives and the most complex problems in Earth surface dynamics and engineering. Recent technological advancements have made it possible to directly assess sediment entrainment rather than monitoring surrogate flow metrics, which could be related indirectly to sediment entrainment. In this work, a novel and low-cost instrumented particle, 7 cm in diameter, is used to directly assess the incipient entrainment of a coarse particle resting on a bed surface. The particle has inertial measurement units (IMUs) embedded within its waterproof shell, enabling it to track the particle's motions and quantify its inertial dynamics. The sensors of the instrumented particle are calibrated using simple and easy-to-validate theoretically physical motions to estimate the uncertainties in their readings, which are reduced using an inertial sensor fusion process. A series of well-designed laboratory flume incipient motion experiments are performed to assess the entrainment of the instrumented particle for a range of flowrates near the threshold of motion. The readings of the instrumented particle are used to derive metrics that are related to the probability of its incipient entrainment. The flow velocity measurements are obtained for the experiment runs, and the derived metrics are explicitly linked to the flow hydrodynamics responsible for the entrainment. The framework presented in this work can be used for a range of similar applications of low-cost instrumented particles, spanning the interface of sensing and instrumentation in engineering (i.e., infrastructure and environmental monitoring) and geosciences (e.g., habitat assessment).

中文翻译:

将仪器粒子夹带的显式概率与流动流体动力学联系起来

更好地了解湍流与包含它们的床表面相互作用的潜在动力学,导致粗颗粒在河流、沿海和风成环境中的传输,被认为是基本目标之一,也是最复杂的地表动力学和工程中的问题。最近的技术进步使直接评估沉积物夹带成为可能,而不是监测可能与沉积物夹带间接相关的替代流量指标。在这项工作中,一种直径为 7 厘米的新型低成本仪器颗粒用于直接评估停留在床表面上的粗颗粒的初始夹带。粒子在其防水外壳内嵌入了惯性测量单元 (IMU),使其能够跟踪粒子' s 运动并量化其惯性动力学。仪器化粒子的传感器使用简单且易于验证的理论物理运动进行校准,以估计其读数的不确定性,使用惯性传感器融合过程可以减少这些不确定性。进行了一系列精心设计的实验室水槽初始运动实验,以评估仪器颗粒在运动阈值附近的一系列流速下的夹带。仪表化粒子的读数用于推导出与其初始夹带概率相关的度量。获得实验运行的流速测量值,并且导出的指标与负责夹带的流动流体动力学明确相关。
更新日期:2021-07-05
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