Can institutions foster greater environmental awareness in a developmental state? Can a policymaking process driven by “autonomous” bureaucrats include civil society and does this affect policy outcomes? With these questions in mind, I explore the politics behind hydroelectric dam construction in environmentally and culturally sensitive locations in Brazil. Using mixed methods to compare two distinct developmental periods, I find developmental policy makers are becoming more sensitive to the environmental and social costs of large dams instead of solely prioritizing economic objectives. Constitutional protections, indigenous rights, a licensing process with mandated public audiences, and an active public prosecutor are compelling the democratic developmental state to better engage civil society and the environment. Ultimately, the Brazilian state is building a more inclusive developmental model and my research demonstrates how democratic political institutions and environmental protections changed the policy-making process and created a preference for less damaging but less efficient run-of-the-river dams.

中文翻译：

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巴西的发展国家、公民社会和水电政治

机构能否在发展状态下培养更大的环境意识？由“自主”官僚驱动的决策过程能否包括民间社会，这是否会影响政策结果？带着这些问题，我探索了巴西环境和文化敏感地区水电大坝建设背后的政治因素。使用混合方法比较两个不同的发展时期，我发现发展政策制定者对大型水坝的环境和社会成本越来越敏感，而不是仅仅优先考虑经济目标。宪法保护、土著权利、授权公众受众的许可程序以及积极的检察官正在迫使民主发展型国家更好地参与公民社会和环境。最终，