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Environmental Change, Migration, and Conflict in Africa
The Journal of Environment & Development ( IF 2.639 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-06 , DOI: 10.1177/1070496517727325
Laura Freeman 1
Affiliation  

How should we understand the interconnections between environmental change, migration, and conflict in Africa? Should the rise of Islamic terrorism and Boko Haram in northeast Nigeria be directly linked to the drying of Lake Chad? Should cattle raiding in Kenya be seen as a result of drought across East Africa? Does the constrained migration of the pastoral Tuareg in the Sahel causally connect to desertification and their rebellion against governmental forces? Despite the compelling and often persuasive case for directly connecting environmental change to migration and conflict, there is a growing agreement in both the environment-migration and climate-conflict spheres that intervening variables determine if and how environmental change causes population movements and political violence. This article presents a case for migration as an intermediary and bidirectional causal variable. The article argues that close attention needs to be paid to local-level manifestations of conflict and (mal)adaptive forms of migration to understand the potential propensity of environmental change to lead to conflict in Africa.

中文翻译:

非洲的环境变化、移民和冲突

我们应该如何理解非洲环境变化、移民和冲突之间的相互联系?尼日利亚东北部伊斯兰恐怖主义和博科圣地的兴起是否应该与乍得湖的干涸直接相关?是否应该将肯尼亚的牛劫视为东非干旱的结果?萨赫勒地区牧区图阿雷格人受限制的迁移是否与荒漠化和他们反抗政府势力有因果关系?尽管将环境变化与移民和冲突直接联系起来有令人信服且通常有说服力的理由,但在环境移民和气候冲突领域,越来越多的人一致认为,干预变量决定了环境变化是否以及如何导致人口流动和政治暴力。本文介绍了一个将迁移作为中介和双向因果变量的案例。文章认为,需要密切关注冲突和(不良)适应性移民形式的地方层面表现,以了解环境变化导致非洲冲突的潜在倾向。
更新日期:2017-09-06
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