This is the second of two articles exploring efforts at bridging the nuclear weapons gap between France and West Germany during the final decade of the Cold War. This gap existed in various ways: in the two countries’ respective international standing, with the relationship between Paris and Bonn complicated by France's possession of nuclear weapons; in their alliance choices, with their differing approaches to NATO military integration and strategy; and in their tactical nuclear military options (inseparable from conventional options), with the two countries fundamentally at odds over desirable procedures. The first article, published in the previous issue of the JCWS, explores the period from 1981 to 1986. This follow-on article covers the years 1986 to 1990. Although ultimately the dilemmas of nuclear sharing proved impossible to resolve, progress was made in the final years of the Cold War in narrowing differences between the two countries, whose bilateral relationship has been crucial for Europe and the West as a whole in the post–Cold War era.

中文翻译：

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避难所和冰川：法国、德意志联邦共和国和 1980 年代的核因素（第 2 部分）

这是探讨在冷战最后十年期间为弥合法国和西德之间的核武器差距所做的努力的两篇文章中的第二篇。这种差距以多种方式存在：在两国各自的国际地位上，巴黎和波恩之间的关系因法国拥有核武器而变得复杂；在他们的联盟选择中，以及他们对北约军事整合和战略的不同做法；在战术核军事选择（与常规选择密不可分）方面，两国在理想程序上存在根本分歧。上一期 JCWS 发表的第一篇文章探讨了 1981 年至 1986 年的时期。这篇后续文章涵盖了 1986 年至 1990 年。尽管最终证明核共享的困境无法解决，