Background: The prevalence of prediabetes is high globally; however, few studies have investigated the prevalence of adult-onset hypogonadism (AOH) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with prediabetes, and there is no study from India. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of AOH and ED in men with prediabetes and to correlate the risk of testosterone deficiency with prediabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 diagnosed cases of prediabetes and 100 normoglycemic controls. Prediabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or both. AOH was defined as a positive response in the Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Males (ADAM) questionnaire in the setting of low testosterone. ED was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEF-5) score. Results: AOH and ED were diagnosed in 34 (34%) and 79 (79%) males with prediabetes as compared to 16 (16%) and 58 (58%) males in the control population, respectively (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001). Both AOH and ED were observed in significantly more younger males with prediabetes (< 50 years) than in controls. On multivariate analysis, total testosterone remained significantly low in males with prediabetes as compared to controls after adjustment for possible confounders (odds ratio 2.5; p = 0.028). Conclusion: Males with prediabetes even in the younger age group are at an increased risk of AOH, ED, and testosterone deficiency.

中文翻译：

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男性糖尿病前期成人发病的性腺机能减退和勃起功能障碍的患病率

背景：糖尿病前期在全球的患病率很高；然而，很少有研究调查糖尿病前期男性成人发病的性腺机能减退 (AOH) 和勃起功能障碍 (ED) 的患病率，也没有来自印度的研究。目的：本研究的目的是评估前驱糖尿病男性中 AOH 和 ED 的患病率，并将睾酮缺乏与前驱糖尿病的风险相关联。方法：这项横断面研究是对 100 名诊断出的前驱糖尿病病例和 100 名血糖正常对照进行的。糖尿病前期被定义为空腹血糖受损、糖耐量受损或两者兼有。AOH 被定义为老年男性雄激素缺乏症 (ADAM) 问卷中睾酮水平低的情况下的阳性反应。ED 通过国际勃起功能指数问卷 (IIEF-5) 评分进行评估。结果：AOH 和 ED 在 34 (34%) 和 79 (79%) 名患有前驱糖尿病的男性中被诊断出来，而对照组中的男性分别为 16 (16%) 和 58 (58%) 名 (p = 0.004 和 p = 0.001) . 与对照组相比，在患有糖尿病前期（<50 岁）的年轻男性中观察到 AOH 和 ED。在多变量分析中，在调整可能的混杂因素后，与对照组相比，糖尿病前期男性的总睾酮水平仍然显着较低（优势比 2.5；p = 0.028）。结论：即使是年龄较小的糖尿病前期男性，AOH、ED 和睾酮缺乏症的风险也会增加。与对照组相比，在患有糖尿病前期（<50 岁）的年轻男性中观察到 AOH 和 ED。在多变量分析中，在调整可能的混杂因素后，与对照组相比，糖尿病前期男性的总睾酮水平仍然显着较低（优势比 2.5；p = 0.028）。结论：即使是年龄较小的糖尿病前期男性，AOH、ED 和睾酮缺乏症的风险也会增加。与对照组相比，在患有糖尿病前期（<50 岁）的年轻男性中观察到 AOH 和 ED。在多变量分析中，在调整可能的混杂因素后，与对照组相比，糖尿病前期男性的总睾酮水平仍然显着较低（优势比 2.5；p = 0.028）。结论：即使是年龄较小的糖尿病前期男性，AOH、ED 和睾酮缺乏症的风险也会增加。