Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is highly infectious, limits live animal trade, and affects ranchers owing to the loss of animal yield. The present study was designed to perform vaccine matching for field FMD virus isolates from clinically diseased cattle and assess the antigenic properties of the field isolates against the current vaccine strains used for vaccine production at the National Veterinary Institute, Ethiopia. Both sequencing and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions were used for distinguishing between the viral strains. To evaluate the serological relationship of the vaccine strain with these field isolates (r1 value), in vitro cross-neutralization was performed using ETH/6/2000 and ETH/38/2005 antisera. Infectious field FMD viral samples represented serotypes A and O. Sequence analysis showed that serotype A VP1/1D possessed amino acid variability at positions 28 and 42 to 48, 138, 141, 142, 148, 156, 173, and 197 compared with the ETH/6/2000 vaccine strain, whereas serotype O possessed amino acid variability at positions 45, 48, 138, 139, 140, 141, and 197 compared with the ETH/38/2005 vaccine strain. Based on the one-dimensional virus neutralization test, serotypes A and O demonstrated antigenic matching of up to 13/17 (76.47%) with the vaccine strain, except for the isolates ETH/40/2018, ETH/48/2018, ETH/55/2018, and ETH/61/2018, which had r-values less than 0.3. Therefore, the currently used vaccine strains ETH/38/2005 for serotype O and ETH/6/2000 for serotype A protected against all and most field viruses characterized as serotypes O and A, respectively, and amino acid residue variation was observed in different FMD virus B-C loops, G-H loops, and C-termini of VP1 at sites 1 and 3 in both serotypes.

口蹄疫 (FMD) 具有高度传染性，限制了活体动物贸易，并且由于动物产量的损失而影响到牧场主。本研究旨在对来自临床患病牛的现场 FMD 病毒分离株进行疫苗匹配，并评估现场分离株与埃塞俄比亚国家兽医研究所目前用于疫苗生产的疫苗株的抗原特性。测序和逆转录聚合酶链反应都用于区分病毒株。评估疫苗株与这些田间分离株的血清学关系（r1 值），使用 ETH/6/2000 和 ETH/38/2005 抗血清进行体外交叉中和。感染场口蹄疫病毒样本代表血清型 A 和 O。序列分析表明，与 ETH 相比，血清型 A VP1/1D 在 28 和 42 至 48、138、141、142、148、156、173 和 197 位具有氨基酸变异性/6/2000 疫苗株，而与 ETH/38/2005 疫苗株相比，血清型 O 在 45、48、138、139、140、141 和 197 位具有氨基酸变异性。基于一维病毒中和试验，除了分离株 ETH/40/2018、ETH/48/2018、ETH/ 55/2018 和 ETH/61/2018，其中r-值小于 0.3。因此，目前使用的针对血清型 O 的疫苗株 ETH/38/2005 和针对血清型 A 的 ETH/6/2000 疫苗株分别对所有和大多数以血清型 O 和 A 为特征的野外病毒具有保护作用，并且在不同的 FMD 中观察到氨基酸残基变异两种血清型中 VP1 位点 1 和 3 的 BC 环、GH 环和 C 端。