Nature Materials ( IF 41.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-05 , DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01047-7 Irene de Lázaro 1, 2 , David J Mooney 1, 2
Cancer nanomedicines were initially envisioned as magic bullets, travelling through the circulation to target tumours while sparing healthy tissues the toxicity of classic chemotherapy. While a limited number of nanomedicine therapies have resulted, the disappointing news is that major obstacles were overlooked in the nanoparticle’s journey. However, some of these challenges may be turned into opportunities. Here, we discuss biological barriers to cancer nanomedicines and elaborate on two directions that the field is currently exploring to meet its initial expectations. The first strategy entails re-engineering cancer nanomedicines to prevent undesired interactions en route to the tumour. The second aims instead to leverage these obstacles into out-of-the-box diagnostic and therapeutic applications of nanomedicines, for cancer and beyond. Both paths require, among other developments, a deeper understanding of nano–bio interactions. We offer a forward look at how classic cancer nanomedicine may overcome its limitations while contributing to other areas of research.
中文翻译:
癌症纳米医学前瞻性愿景中的障碍和机遇
癌症纳米药物最初被设想为神奇的子弹,通过循环传播以靶向肿瘤,同时使健康组织免于经典化疗的毒性。虽然已经产生了有限数量的纳米医学疗法,但令人失望的消息是纳米粒子的旅程中的主要障碍被忽视了。然而,其中一些挑战可能会转化为机遇。在这里,我们讨论了癌症纳米药物的生物障碍,并详细阐述了该领域目前正在探索的两个方向,以满足其最初的期望。第一个策略需要重新设计癌症纳米药物,以防止在通往肿瘤的途中发生不需要的相互作用。第二个目标是利用这些障碍将纳米药物用于癌症及其他领域的开箱即用的诊断和治疗应用。除其他发展外,这两条路径都需要对纳米-生物相互作用有更深入的了解。我们对经典癌症纳米医学如何克服其局限性同时为其他研究领域做出贡献提供了前瞻性的看法。