This article presents a case study of a fishery in the port-town community of Ende, Flores, a former littoral hub located at the periphery of major commercial systems in the Indo-Pacific region. The article argues that more attention be paid to the role of transregional maritime networks, nautical conventions, and navigational practices embedded within local tenure systems to understand the apparent absence of formal control of marine and coastal resources. Through ethnographic and archival research, this study identifies the presence of indigenous institutions for fishing grounds regulation and documents the existence of broader transregional norms dictating proper fishing and navigation. Exploring the interactions between more pluralistic customary systems that exist in port-towns such as Ende and recent fishery development policies, the article discusses some of the obstacles to implementing sustainable co-management strategies. While the Indonesian central government is strongly promoting co-governance approaches for resource management, these institutional models are based on geographically narrow definitions of tradition and customary law which can lead to management failures, such as elite capture and local fishers’ disenfranchisement. In this case, policies emphasize the formation of cooperative groups without considering transregional beliefs about independence and pre-established systems of obligations. As a result, disputes among the fishermen, conflicts with local fishery officers, and the use of non-sustainable practices continue. For example, embodying predominant Southeast Asian beliefs, Endenese are known for their entrepreneurial nature and strong self-sufficiency ethos. Yet, these notions are ignored by local government agencies that view the fishermen as selfish and disorganized. In order to formulate true participatory solutions, a careful asssessment of the role played by transregional perspectives that go beyond geographically localized understandings of customary practices is needed. The article concludes with a consideration of the role played by decentralization processes, subsidies, and aid programs in entrenching poverty and inequality among local communities.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚恩德自给渔民的共同治理、跨区域海事公约和土著习惯做法

本文介绍了弗洛雷斯恩德港口城镇社区渔业的案例研究，该社区曾是位于印度-太平洋地区主要商业系统外围的沿海枢纽。本文认为，应更多地关注跨区域海事网络、航海公约和嵌入地方权属体系的航行实践的作用，以了解对海洋和沿海资源明显缺乏正式控制的情况。通过人种学和档案研究，这项研究确定了当地渔场监管机构的存在，并记录了更广泛的跨区域规范的存在，这些规范规定了适当的捕鱼和航行。探索 Ende 等港口城镇中存在的更多元化的习惯体系与最近的渔业发展政策之间的相互作用，文章讨论了实施可持续共同管理战略的一些障碍。虽然印度尼西亚中央政府大力提倡资源管理的共治方法，但这些制度模式基于地理上狭隘的传统和习惯法定义，这可能导致管理失败，例如精英捕捞和当地渔民被剥夺权利。在这种情况下，政策强调合作团体的形成，而没有考虑关于独立性和预先建立的义务体系的跨区域信念。结果，渔民之间的纠纷、与当地渔业官员的冲突以及不可持续的做法继续存在。例如，体现了主要的东南亚信仰，Endenese以其创业性质和强烈的自给自足精神而闻名。然而，这些观念被认为渔民自私和无组织的当地政府机构所忽视。为了制定真正的参与式解决方案，需要仔细评估跨区域视角所发挥的作用，这些视角超越了对习惯做法的地理本地化理解。文章最后考虑了权力下放过程、补贴和援助计划在加深当地社区的贫困和不平等方面所发挥的作用。需要仔细评估跨区域观点所发挥的作用，这些观点超越了对习惯做法的地域性理解。文章最后考虑了权力下放过程、补贴和援助计划在加深当地社区的贫困和不平等方面所发挥的作用。需要仔细评估跨区域观点所发挥的作用，这些观点超越了对习惯做法的地域性理解。文章最后考虑了权力下放过程、补贴和援助计划在加深当地社区的贫困和不平等方面所发挥的作用。