Objective Cognitive dysfunction has been commonly found in patients with insomnia, such as attention, memory, speed of information processing and executive functions. Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs)、P50、Mismatch negativity（MMN）can meet varied need and estimate such different cognitive dysfunction. Thus, we can examine whether insomnia is associated with different cognitive dysfunction by such multiple ERP tasks. Methods We used polysomnography (PSG) to record such objective PSG parameters. ASSR、P50 and MMN were performed in sequence, different ERP components have been analyzed such as latency or amplitude between insomnia group and control group. And we chosed Person correlation to make correlation analysis between different ERP components and gender, education and sleep characteristics. Results There is a significant gender difference of ASSR latency found in insomnia group, and the similar result has been found in suppression ratio of amplitudes (S2:S1) for P50. Additionally, a significant correlation between sleep characteristics and ASSR、P50 has been found. Furthermore, there was a significant difference of MMN latency between insomnia and control group, and between sleep characteristics and varied MMN parameters as latency and amplitude. Discussion Our results suggested robust electrophysiological abnormalities as ASSR, P50 and MMN in insomnia patients. Such abnormalities included gender difference, education difference, difference in depressive tendency and difference in sleep parameters. That results revealed varied cognitive dysfunction involving inputs and processing in insomnia patients. And at the same time, we have also explored the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the cognitive dysfunction with such different ERP tasks.

中文翻译：

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ASSRs、P50、MMN在失眠患者输入和加工认知功能障碍探索中的应用

目的失眠患者普遍存在认知功能障碍，如注意力、记忆力、信息处理速度和执行功能。听觉稳态反应（ASSRs）、P50、失配负性（MMN）可以满足不同的需求并估计不同的认知功能障碍。因此，我们可以通过这样的多个 ERP 任务来检查失眠是否与不同的认知功能障碍有关。方法 我们使用多导睡眠图 (PSG) 来记录这些客观的 PSG 参数。依次进行ASSR、P50和MMN，分析失眠组与对照组的潜伏期或幅度等不同ERP成分。并且我们选择Person相关来进行不同ERP成分与性别、教育和睡眠特征之间的相关性分析。结果失眠组ASSR潜伏期存在显着的性别差异，P50的波幅抑制比(S2:S1)也有相似的结果。此外，还发现睡眠特征与ASSR、P50之间存在显着相关性。此外，失眠组与对照组之间以及睡眠特征与不同的 MMN 参数（如潜伏期和幅度）之间的 MMN 潜伏期存在显着差异。讨论 我们的研究结果表明失眠患者存在明显的电生理异常，如 ASSR、P50 和 MMN。这些异常包括性别差异、教育差异、抑郁倾向差异和睡眠参数差异。该结果揭示了失眠患者的各种认知功能障碍，包括输入和处理。而与此同时，