GPS total electron content (TEC) measurements were used to investigate high-m ultralow frequency (ULF) waves during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm. ULF wave signals in TEC data show high coherence and significant common power in the wavelet coherence and cross wavelet transform analyses with magnetic field radial component data from GOES-15. They did not cause significant ionospheric scintillation or ground magnetic signatures due to ionospheric screening effects. An automatic identification procedure is developed to identify ULF wave signature in TEC data from 10 GPS receivers on January 25, 2016. The waves were mainly distributed on the dayside and post dusk sector from ∼64° to ∼71° magnetic latitude. This is the first time that the large-scale 2D spatial structure and temporal evolution of high-m ULF waves are revealed, which demonstrates TEC measurements as an effective high-m ULF wave remote sensing tool.

中文翻译：

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GPS TEC 数据中高米 ULF 波特征的表征

GPS 总电子含量 (TEC) 测量值用于研究地磁暴恢复阶段的高米超低频 (ULF) 波。TEC 数据中的 ULF 波信号在小波相干性和交叉小波变换分析中显示出高相干性和显着的公共功率，其中使用来自 GOES-15 的磁场径向分量数据。由于电离层屏蔽效应，它们没有引起显着的电离层闪烁或地面磁特征。开发了一种自动识别程序来识别 2016 年 1 月 25 日来自 10 个 GPS 接收器的 TEC 数据中的超低频波特征。这些波主要分布在日侧和黄昏后扇区，从约 64° 到约 71° 磁纬。这是首次揭示高米超低频波的大尺度二维空间结构和时间演化，