Using data from the COVID-19 questionnaire of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we investigate the time patterns of precautionary health behaviours of individuals aged 50 years and above during the summer of 2020, an easing phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. We also examine how these health behaviours differ by the presence of chronic conditions such as hypertension, high cholesterol level, heart disease, diabetes or chronic bronchitis, which can be considered as risk factors for COVID-19. Our results suggest that while on average, people became less precautious during the analysed time period, this is less so for those who are at higher risk. We also document large regional differences in precautionary health behaviours and show that higher-risk individuals are on average more cautious in all regions. We conclude that people adjusted their health behaviours in line with the generally understood risk of the COVID-19 disease. At the same time, our results also point out divergences in the level of willingness to take different precautionary steps.

我们利用欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 的 COVID-19 调查问卷数据，调查了 2020 年夏季（欧洲疫情缓和阶段）50 岁及以上个人预防性健康行为的时间模式。 COVID-19 在欧洲大流行。我们还研究了这些健康行为如何因高血压、高胆固醇水平、心脏病、糖尿病或慢性支气管炎等慢性疾病的存在而有所不同，这些慢性疾病可被视为 COVID-19 的危险因素。我们的结果表明，虽然平均而言，人们在分析的时间段内变得不那么谨慎，但对于那些风险较高的人来说，情况就不那么严重了。我们还记录了预防性健康行为的巨大地区差异，并表明所有地区的高风险个体平均更加谨慎。我们的结论是，人们根据普遍了解的 COVID-19 疾病风险调整了自己的健康行为。与此同时，我们的结果也指出了采取不同预防措施的意愿水平存在差异。