Introduction

Active transportation (walking/cycling) has been inversely associated with numerous cardiometabolic outcomes, as well as CVD, cancer and overall mortality. Less is known about associations with subjective well-being and quality of life.

Methods

Cross-sectional data from the 2015 General Social Survey (Cycle 29 – Time Use) was used to investigate associations between commuting mode to work/school and multiple indices of subjective well-being and work-life balance, including an analysis of gender differences, among a representative sample of 7646 Canadians aged ≥15. Respondents were asked about travel mode to work/school in the previous week (vehicle as driver/passenger, public transit, walking, biking). Outcomes included self-rated health, self-rated mental health, perceived life stress, life satisfaction, work-life balance, and perception of being a “workaholic”.

Results

Results revealed that 77% of respondents used passive modes of transportation to work/school, 14% used public transit, and 9% actively commuted. Compared to passive commuting, actively commuting to work/school was associated with 35% lower odds of reporting dissatisfaction with work-life balance (p = 0.001), and 25% lower odds of self-identifying as a “workaholic” (p = 0.002). Women who used public transportation (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48–0.88) or actively commuted (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.29–0.67) were significantly less likely to report poor work-life balance. Women who actively commuted were also less likely to report high life stress, while women who used public transportation were more likely to report dissatisfaction with life. Commuting mode was not significantly associated with self-rated health or mental health.

Conclusions

Active commuting to work or school is positively associated with certain indices of subjective well-being and work-life balance among Canadians, especially among women.

中文翻译：

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积极通勤上班或上学：与主观幸福感和工作与生活平衡的关联

介绍

主动交通（步行/骑自行车）与许多心脏代谢结果以及心血管疾病、癌症和总体死亡率呈负相关。人们对主观幸福感和生活质量的关联知之甚少。

方法

来自 2015 年综合社会调查（周期 29 – 时间使用）的横截面数据用于调查上班/上学的通勤方式与主观幸福感和工作与生活平衡的多个指数之间的关联，包括对性别差异的分析，在 7646 名年龄≥15 岁的加拿大人的代表性样本中。受访者被问及上周上班/上学的出行方式（车辆作为司机/乘客、公共交通、步行、骑自行车）。结果包括自我评估的健康状况、自我评估的心理健康状况、感知到的生活压力、生活满意度、工作与生活的平衡以及对“工作狂”的看法。

结果

结果显示，77% 的受访者使用被动交通方式上班/上学，14% 使用公共交通，9% 使用主动通勤方式。与被动通勤相比，积极通勤上班/上学与报告对工作与生活平衡不满意的几率降低 35% (p = 0.001)，将自我认定为“工作狂”的几率降低 25% (p = 0.002) ）。使用公共交通工具（OR 0.65，95% CI 0.48-0.88）或经常通勤（OR 0.44，95% CI 0.29-0.67）的女性报告工作与生活平衡不佳的可能性显着降低。积极通勤的女性也不太可能报告高生活压力，而使用公共交通工具的女性更有可能报告对生活不满意。通勤模式与自评健康或心理健康没有显着相关性。

结论

积极通勤上班或上学与加拿大人，尤其是女性的主观幸福感和工作与生活平衡的某些指数呈正相关。