Abstract

Objective

We aimed to develop an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) measure and sampling protocol to assess the near-term impact of experiences with social media use (SMU) that are associated with risk and protective factors for adolescent suicide.

Methods

To develop the EMA measure, we consulted literature reviews and conducted focus groups with the target population, adolescents at risk for suicide. Subsequently, we refined the measure through interviews with experts and cognitive interviews with adolescents, through which we explored adolescents’ thought processes as they considered questions and response options. Data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

The initial measure had 37 items assessing a range of harmful and beneficial aspects of SMU. Through expert and cognitive interviews, we refined the measure to 4 pathways assessing positive and negative experiences with SMU as well as positive and negative in-person interactions. Each pathway included a maximum of 11 items, as well as 2 items pertaining to SMU at nighttime to be assessed once daily. Acceptable targets the EMA measure’s sampling protocol included a 10-day data collection window with text message-based prompts to complete the measure triggered 2–4 times daily.

Conclusions

By assessing a range of risk and protective factors for youth suicide, while using methods to reduce participant burden, we established content validity for the EMA measure and acceptability for the sampling protocol among youth at high risk of suicide.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Development of an ecological momentary assessment measure and sampling protocol

• Exploring brief momentary assessment of social media’s impact on adolescent suicidal risk

• Multi-phase approach to establishing content validity and an acceptable sampling protocol

中文翻译：

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开发社交媒体使用对自杀青少年影响的生态瞬时评估

摘要

客观的

我们的目标是开发一种生态瞬时评估（EMA）测量和抽样方案，以评估与青少年自杀风险和保护因素相关的社交媒体使用（SMU）经历的近期影响。

方法

为了制定 EMA 措施，我们查阅了文献综述，并对目标人群（有自杀风险的青少年）进行了焦点小组讨论。随后，我们通过专家访谈和青少年认知访谈完善了测量方法，通过这些访谈我们探索了青少年在考虑问题和回答选项时的思维过程。使用主题分析来记录、转录和分析数据。

结果

最初的措施有 37 个项目，评估 SMU 的一系列有害和有益方面。通过专家和认知访谈，我们将衡量标准细化为 4 个途径，评估 SMU 的积极和消极经历以及积极和消极的面对面互动。每个途径最多包括 11 个项目，以及 2 个与 SMU 有关的项目，每天评估一次。EMA 措施的抽样协议的可接受目标包括 10 天的数据收集窗口，并带有基于短信的提示，以完成每天触发 2-4 次的措施。

结论

通过评估青少年自杀的一系列风险和保护因素，同时使用减轻参与者负担的方法，我们确定了 EMA 测量的内容有效性以及高自杀风险青少年抽样方案的可接受性。

• 强调

• 生态瞬时评估措施和采样方案的制定

• 探索社交媒体对青少年自杀风险影响的短暂评估

• 建立内容有效性和可接受的抽样协议的多阶段方法