The Cultural Heritage (CH) sector and its associated tourism services have been affected notably by the advancement of the Internet as well as the explosive growth of smartphones and other handheld devices. These days, visitors can access reliable CH content using Web and mobile-based interfaces. However, conventional CH systems still lack the ability to provide meaningful semantically overt results that precisely meet user information needs in this domain. In addition, they often ignore the user search context and experience, which hinders their ability to adapt their behavior to the preferences, tasks, interests, and other user functionalities. In this article, we aim to address the issue of designing a precision-oriented multilingual and multi-criteria semantic-based mobile recommender system specifically targeting Palestine's CH, a country with great historical and cultural importance. We aim to better facilitate users’ access to CH content by providing them with multiple search functionalities. In this context, a user can search for relevant information using keywords (a.k.a. tags) or sentence-like queries and the system retrieves all relevant documents based on their semantic similarity. A second option is to search using current location information to retrieve correlated historical places and events. Finally, starting from a picture of interest, a third option makes it possible to extract captions describing its content that can be used to search for additional contextually relevant information. Additionally, the proposed system aims at personalizing users’ experience through progressively delivering output that meets their information needs based on a number of parameters such as users' logging data, interests, previous searches, and location-based information. A prototype of the proposed system has been developed and tested using Android smartphones and a manually constructed ontology enriched with CH links to the Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) and DBpedia. By comparing our system with similar systems in this domain, findings demonstrate that it provides additional search features and functionalities to users. The proposed Holy-Land ontology is the first of its kind attempting to encode knowledge about Palestine's CH. It plays a crucial role in our proposal, serving as a pivotal entity in the combination of language-based, location-based, and visual-based retrieval strategies.

中文翻译：

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基于圣地本体和外在语义资源的巴勒斯坦文化遗产多模态搜索与推荐

互联网的进步以及智能手机和其他手持设备的爆炸式增长对文化遗产（CH）部门及其相关的旅游服务产生了显着影响。如今，访问者可以使用基于 Web 和移动设备的界面访问可靠的 CH 内容。然而，传统的 CH 系统仍然缺乏提供有意义的语义公开结果的能力，这些结果精确地满足了该领域的用户信息需求。此外，他们经常忽略用户搜索上下文和体验，这阻碍了他们根据偏好、任务、兴趣和其他用户功能调整行为的能力。在本文中，我们旨在解决设计一个专门针对巴勒斯坦 CH 的面向精确的多语言和多标准语义的移动推荐系统的问题，一个具有重要历史和文化意义的国家。我们旨在通过为用户提供多种搜索功能来更好地促进用户访问 CH 内容。在这种情况下，用户可以使用关键字（也称为标签）或类似句子的查询来搜索相关信息，系统会根据它们的语义相似性检索所有相关文档。第二种选择是使用当前位置信息进行搜索，以检索相关的历史地点和事件。最后，从感兴趣的图片开始，第三个选项可以提取描述其内容的标题，这些标题可用于搜索额外的上下文相关信息。此外，所提议的系统旨在通过基于用户的日志数据、兴趣、先前搜索和基于位置的信息等许多参数逐步提供满足其信息需求的输出来个性化用户体验。已使用 Android 智能手机和手动构建的本体开发并测试了所提出系统的原型，该本体富含与艺术与建筑同义词 (AAT) 和 DBpedia 的 CH 链接。通过将我们的系统与该领域的类似系统进行比较，发现表明它为用户提供了额外的搜索特性和功能。提议的圣地本体是第一个尝试对有关巴勒斯坦 CH 的知识进行编码的此类本体。它在我们的提案中起着至关重要的作用，是结合基于语言、