Based on the open source software OpenFOAM, a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver is developed for trans/supercritical jets. Considering the real-fluid effects, the pressure Poisson equation is modified using two real-fluid equations of state (EOSs). Turbulent flows of liquid nitrogen jets are studied by different turbulence models based on Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) under trans/supercritical pressure conditions, and the iterative calculation of pressure–velocity-density coupling is implemented by the extended PISO algorithm. The simulation results of different EOSs are compared with the experimental data, and the performance and accuracy of different EOSs coupling with five different turbulence models applied to trans/supercritical jets are analyzed and quantified. The results indicate that the selection of real-fluid EOS is more significant and important than the turbulence model for the numerical performance. Analysis of three cases under different operating conditions shows that none of the conventional RANS models always give satisfactory results, and all need to be extended to adapt to various characteristics under trans/supercritical conditions.

基于开源软件 OpenFOAM，为跨/超临界射流开发了一种新的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 求解器。考虑到真实流体的影响，压力泊松方程使用两个真实流体状态方程 (EOS) 进行修改。采用基于雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯（RANS）的不同湍流模型在跨/超临界压力条件下研究液氮射流的湍流，并通过扩展PISO算法实现压力-速度-密度耦合的迭代计算。将不同EOSs的模拟结果与实验数据进行了比较，分析并量化了不同EOSs与五种不同湍流模型耦合应用于跨/超临界射流的性能和精度。结果表明，对于数值性能而言，真实流体EOS的选择比湍流模型更为重要和重要。对不同工况下三种情况的分析表明，传统的RANS模型没有一个总能给出令人满意的结果，都需要扩展以适应跨/超临界条件下的各种特性。