In image scanning microscopy, the pinhole of a confocal microscope is replaced by a detector array. The point spread function for each detector element can be interpreted as the probability density function of the signal, the peak giving the most likely origin. This thus allows a form of maximum likelihood restoration, and compensation for aberrations, with similarities to adaptive optics. As an example of an aberration, we investigate theoretically and experimentally illumination with a vortex doughnut beam. After reassignment and summation over the detector array, the point spread function is compact, and the resolution and signal level higher than in a conventional microscope.

中文翻译：

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使用甜甜圈光束在图像扫描显微镜中进行像素重新分配：最大似然恢复示例

在图像扫描显微镜中，共聚焦显微镜的针孔被探测器阵列取代。每个探测器元件的点扩散函数可以解释为信号的概率密度函数，峰值给出最可能的来源。因此，这允许一种最大似然恢复和像差补偿的形式，与自适应光学类似。作为像差的一个例子，我们研究了涡旋环形光束的理论和实验照明。在探测器阵列上重新分配和求和后，点扩散函数紧凑，分辨率和信号电平高于传统显微镜。