In recent years, numerous archaeological remains of dogs (Canis familiaris) have been found in the Southern Cone of South America. In Patagonia, the pre-Hispanic record was limited to the northeast. This article presents dog specimens recovered at archaeological site GUA-010 Conchal located in the western Patagonian channels of Chile. Their presence is related to hunter-gatherers showing marked marine adaptations. This study defines their chronology, characterizes them morphologically and morphometrically, estimates their body mass and age, and investigates their possible social roles. Our analyses indicates that the remains correspond to a pre-Hispanic dog dated at 870 ± 20 years ¹⁴C bp (769–684 cal bp), thereby expanding the known geographic range of the species prior to European colonization. The dog was an adult animal, and its body size was approximately 3–4 kg, which represents the smallest individual recorded in the Southern Cone. Body size is consistent with the reports in ethnohistorical record, which indicated the use of dog fur as clothing and possibly its help in fishing. Archaeological evidence suggests that its function as a food source is unlikely.

中文翻译：

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Los Chonos 的狗：巴塔哥尼亚西部（~43° 至 47°S，智利）的第一个前西班牙裔记录

近年来，在南美洲的南锥体发现了大量的犬类（犬类）考古遗迹。在巴塔哥尼亚，前西班牙裔的记录仅限于东北部。本文介绍了在智利西部巴塔哥尼亚海峡的考古遗址 GUA-010 Conchal 中发现的狗标本。它们的存在与狩猎采集者表现出明显的海洋适应有关。这项研究定义了他们的年表，从形态学和形态计量学上对他们进行了描述，估计了他们的体重和年龄，并调查了他们可能的社会角色。我们的分析表明，这些遗骸对应于一只年龄为 870 ± 20 年¹⁴ C bp（769-684 cal  bp)，从而扩大了该物种在欧洲殖民之前的已知地理范围。这只狗是成年动物，它的体型约为 3-4 公斤，代表了南锥体记录的最小个体。体型与民族历史记录中的报道一致，这表明使用狗毛作为衣服并可能有助于捕鱼。考古证据表明，它作为食物来源的功能不太可能。