In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of genes associated with neuroinflammation in patients with benign and highly active multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls, to define gene signatures associated with MS as well as disease activity and progression. We identified differences in the expression of 89 genes in benign and highly active MS patients and in healthy controls (q < 0.05). Twenty-eight genes related to myeloid cells function, the innate immune response, apoptosis, and autophagy were differentially expressed in patients with benign and highly active MS. Time to second relapse and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores were correlated with the expression of genes associated with myeloid cells function, innate immunity, and apoptosis. Our results could indicate the importance of innate immunity-associated pathways in maintaining high disease activity in MS and their crucial role in disease progression.

在这项研究中，我们旨在探索与良性和高度活跃的多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者和健康对照组神经炎症相关基因的表达，以确定与 MS 以及疾病活动和进展相关的基因特征。我们确定了良性和高度活跃的 MS 患者和健康对照中 89 个基因表达的差异（q < 0.05）。与骨髓细胞功能、先天免疫反应、细胞凋亡和自噬相关的 28 个基因在良性和高活动性 MS 患者中差异表达。第二次复发时间和扩展残疾状态量表 (EDSS) 评分与骨髓细胞功能、先天免疫和细胞凋亡相关基因的表达相关。