Surprisingly little is known about how government representatives pay attention to the input of nongovernmental organizations in international negotiations. This article presents an analytical framework and illustrates, with findings from the climate change negotiations 2009–2012, the conditions under which government representatives pay attention to the input from transnational advocacy networks like the Climate Action Network. Demonstrations and lobbying attempts on the international level are frequently ignored, given that negotiation mandates with little leeway are agreed on beforehand. This requires a longer-term perspective toward changing government positions for the next round of negotiations following high media attention. Governments value NGO involvement because they grant legitimacy and signal public support. Successful lobbying requires policy entrepreneurial strategies, close networks, and early input on the domestic level.

中文翻译：

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战略的力量：环境非政府组织在国际气候谈判中的影响

令人惊讶的是，人们对政府代表如何关注非政府组织在国际谈判中的投入知之甚少。本文提出了一个分析框架，并通过 2009-2012 年气候变化谈判的结果说明了政府代表在何种条件下关注来自气候行动网络等跨国倡导网络的意见。鉴于事先商定了几乎没有余地的谈判任务，国际层面的示威和游说尝试经常被忽视。在媒体高度关注之后，这需要从更长远的角度来改变政府对下一轮谈判的立场。政府重视非政府组织的参与，因为它们赋予合法性并表示公众支持。