Drought is a persistent and complex natural vulnerability whose rate and extent of recurrence are expected to increase with climate change. Regardless of the progress made in responding and adapting to water scarcity, drought stress causes severe afflictions. Therefore, the present study has been accomplished in Department of Botany, University of Peshawar to investigate the effect of biochar and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Cellulomonas pakistanensis (NCCP11) and Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246) on Vicia faba under drought stress. Two varieties of seeds Desi (V1) and Pulista (V2) were obtained from Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Nowshera, sown in earthen pots in triplicate filled with 3 kg soil and sand (2:1) and biochar (0 and 5% w/w). Scanning electron microscopy of biochar showed porous nature and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectroscopy showed C, Ca, Mg, and Na elemental composition. Germination parameters including germination energy (GE), Timson germination index (TGI), germination index (GI), and water use efficiency (WUE) were amplified to 28.04, 19.17, 25.72, and 43.62% in V1, respectively, and 14.38, 16.66, 19.79, and 41.50% in V2 respectively, by the co-application of biochar and PGPR. Agronomical attributes including, fresh and dry weight of leaves, root, and shoot were significantly reduced, which were positively ameliorated by 28.57, 36.36, 16, 10.47, 14.28, and 10%, respectively, by the application of biochar and PGPR especially by NCCP246 in combination as well as individually. It has been concluded that, adversities of drought significantly condensed with the application of biochar and PGPR, which may be important in agricultural practices carried out in water-deficient regions.

中文翻译：

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通过分析技术对生物炭的形态学和元素评价及其与植物生长促进根际细菌在诱导干旱胁迫下对蚕豆的综合作用

干旱是一种持久而复杂的自然脆弱性，其复发率和范围预计会随着气候变化而增加。无论在应对和适应水资源短缺方面取得的进展如何，干旱压力都会造成严重的影响。因此，本研究已在白沙瓦大学植物学系完成，旨在研究生物炭和植物促生根际细菌 (PGPR) 巴基斯坦纤维单胞菌( NCCP11) 和巴基斯坦鞘氨醇杆菌(NCCP246) 对蚕豆的影响在干旱胁迫下。Desi (V1) 和 Pulista (V2) 两个品种的种子从谷物作物研究所 (CCRI) Nowshera 获得，一式三份播种在装有 3 kg 土壤和沙子 (2:1) 和生物炭 (0% 和 5%) 的土盆中瓦特/瓦特）。生物炭的扫描电子显微镜显示多孔性质，能量色散 X 射线光谱显示 C、Ca、Mg 和 Na 元素组成。包括发芽能（GE）、Timson 发芽指数（TGI）、发芽指数（GI）和水分利用效率（WUE）在内的发芽参数在 V1 中分别被放大到 28.04、19.17、25.72 和 43.62%，以及 14.38、16.66 , 19.79, 和 41.50% 在 V2 中分别通过 biochar 和 PGPR 的共同应用。叶、根和芽的鲜重和干重等农艺属性显着降低，通过应用生物炭和 PGPR，尤其是 NCCP246 的组合应用和单独应用，它们分别得到了 28.57、36.36、16、10.47、14.28 和 10% 的积极改善。得出的结论是，干旱的危害随着生物炭和 PGPR 的应用而显着减少，这在缺水地区的农业实践中可能很重要。