Tension is a bridge between music structure and emotion. It is known that tension is affected by prediction in music listening as music unfolds. Combining behavioral and neural responses, the current research investigated how musical predictions influence tension in the process of prediction build-up based on musical context (anticipatory stage) and its integration with upcoming stimuli (integration stage). The results showed that, at the anticipatory stage, compared with high-prediction conditions, in low-prediction conditions tension curve changed faster and unstable, and a larger N5 in ERP response was elicited. Furthermore, at the integration stage, compared with congruent conditions, in incongruent conditions the behavioral rating of tension were higher regardless of the predictability of the final chord; a right negativity and P600 were elicited, and the amplitude of P600 was modulated by the predictability of the final chord. These results indicated that the effect of prediction on tension was modulated by contextual predictability. The findings provide a more comprehensive view on how musical prediction affects musical tension.

张力是音乐结构和情感之间的桥梁。众所周知，随着音乐的展开，在听音乐时的预测会影响紧张度。结合行为和神经反应，当前的研究调查了音乐预测如何影响基于音乐背景（预期阶段）的预测建立过程中的张力及其与即将到来的刺激的整合（整合阶段）。结果表明，在预期阶段，与高预测条件相比，低预测条件下的张力曲线变化更快且不稳定，并引发了更大的ERP反应N5。此外，在整合阶段，与一致条件相比，在不一致条件下，无论最终和弦的可预测性如何，张力的行为等级都更高；引出右负性和 P600，并且 P600 的振幅由最终和弦的可预测性调制。这些结果表明预测对张力的影响受上下文可预测性的调节。这些发现提供了关于音乐预测如何影响音乐张力的更全面的观点。