As exhaust emissions of particles and volatile organic compounds (VOC) from road vehicles have progressively come under greater control, non-exhaust emissions have become an increasing proportion of the total emissions, and in many countries now exceed exhaust emissions. Non-exhaust particle emissions arise from abrasion of the brakes and tyres and wear of the road surface, as well as from resuspension of road dusts. The national emissions, particle size distributions and chemical composition of each of these sources is reviewed. Most estimates of airborne concentrations derive from the use of chemical tracers of specific emissions; the tracers and airborne concentrations estimated from their use are considered. Particle size distributions have been measured both in the laboratory and in field studies, and generally show particles to be in both the coarse (PM_2.5-10) and fine (PM_2.5) fractions, with a larger proportion in the former. The introduction of battery electric vehicles is concluded to have only a small effect on overall road traffic particle emissions. Approaches to numerical modelling of non-exhaust particles in the atmosphere are reviewed. Abatement measures include engineering controls, especially for brake wear, improved materials (e.g. for tyre wear) and road surface cleaning and dust suppressants for resuspension. Emissions from solvents in screen wash and de-icers now dominate VOC emissions from traffic in the UK, and exhibit a very different composition to exhaust VOC emissions. Likely future trends in non-exhaust particle emissions are described.

随着道路车辆的颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的尾气排放逐步得到更好的控制，非尾气排放量在总排放量中的比例越来越大，在许多国家已经超过尾气排放量。非废气颗粒排放产生于制动器和轮胎的磨损以及路面的磨损，以及道路灰尘的再悬浮。审查了这些来源中的每一个的国家排放、粒度分布和化学成分。大多数空气中浓度的估计来自特定排放的化学示踪剂的使用；考虑了从它们的使用中估计的示踪剂和空气传播浓度。已在实验室和现场研究中测量了粒度分布，_2.5-10 ) 和细 (PM _2.5 ) 馏分，前者所占比例较大。结论是，电池电动汽车的引入对整体道路交通颗粒排放的影响很小。综述了大气中非排气粒子的数值模拟方法。减排措施包括工程控制，尤其是刹车磨损、改进材料（例如轮胎磨损）和路面清洁以及用于再悬浮的抑尘剂。屏幕清洗和除冰器中溶剂的排放现在在英国交通中的 VOC 排放中占主导地位，并且表现出与废气 VOC 排放截然不同的成分。描述了非废气颗粒排放的未来趋势。