Caring for others is a key feature of human behavior. Mothers, fathers, siblings, grandparents, and other group members provide care in the form of provisioning, protection, and first aid. To what extent is other-regarding behavior present in our primate relatives? Here we describe an unusual incident of other-regarding behavior toward an injured juvenile female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Ngogo in Kibale National Park, Uganda. After the juvenile received a mild head wound from an adult female, several adolescent and juvenile chimpanzees gathered to touch, lick, and peer at the wound. One adolescent male wiped a leaf across the cut. Another adolescent male later groomed the injured female and briefly carried her. Across a 5-year period, we observed only three other instances of other-directed wound care in chimpanzees, occurring in 4% (4/100) of cases in which we observed individuals with fresh wounds, and 57 other instances of allomaternal carrying. Despite the infrequency of such behaviors, our study adds another chimpanzee field site to the list of those where other-directed wound care has been observed. Observations from wild chimpanzees provide insight into empathy and may inform our understanding of the evolution of other-regarding behavior in humans.

关心他人是人类行为的一个关键特征。母亲、父亲、兄弟姐妹、祖父母和其他团体成员以供应、保护和急救的形式提供护理。在我们的灵长类动物亲属中，其他方面的行为在多大程度上存在？在这里，我们描述了对受伤的幼年雌性黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) 在乌干达基巴莱国家公园的 Ngogo。在这只成年雌性黑猩猩头部轻微受伤后，几只青少年黑猩猩聚集在一起触摸、舔舐并凝视伤口。一名青春期男性在切口上擦拭一片叶子。另一名青春期男性后来梳理了受伤的女性并短暂抱了她。在 5 年的时间里，我们仅观察到 3 次其​​他针对黑猩猩的伤口护理，发生在 4% (4/100) 的病例中，我们观察到有新鲜伤口的个体，以及 57 次其他异母携带。尽管此类行为不常见，但我们的研究在观察到其他定向伤口护理的地点列表中增加了另一个黑猩猩野外地点。