Severe amplitude and phase scintillation induced by the ionospheric plasma density irregularities degrades the performance of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. Scintillation typically has adverse effects at the tracking process and thus adversely affects the raw GNSS measurements used in a number of applications. Hence, it is important to develop robust methodologies for detecting and mitigating ionospheric effects on the GNSS signals. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on the combination of improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (iCEEMDAN) and variational mode decomposition (VMD) methods. The proposed method employs a detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA)-based metric for robust thresholding between the scintillation-free and amplitude scintillated GNSS signals. The major contribution of the proposed method is development of novel approaches for selection of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on DFA and optimised selection of [K, \({\alpha }\)] parameters of the VMD. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated and was observed that it is better than existing ionospheric scintillation effects mitigation algorithms for both simulated and real-time GPS scintillation datasets. The proposed method can denoise approximately 9.23–15.30 dB scintillation noise from the synthetic and 0.2–0.48 from the real scintillation index (\(S_{4}\)) values. Therefore, the proposed (iCEEMDAN-VMD) method is appropriate for mitigating the ionospheric scintillation effects on the GNSS signals.

由电离层等离子体密度不规则引起的严重振幅和相位闪烁会降低全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 接收器的性能。闪烁通常会对跟踪过程产生不利影响，从而对许多应用中使用的原始 GNSS 测量产生不利影响。因此，开发可靠的方法来检测和减轻电离层对 GNSS 信号的影响非常重要。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于改进的完全集成经验模式分解与自适应噪声 (iCEEMDAN) 和变分模式分解 (VMD) 方法相结合的新方法。所提出的方法采用基于去趋势波动分析 (DFA) 的度量，用于在无闪烁和幅度闪烁的 GNSS 信号之间建立稳健的阈值。K , \({\alpha }\) ] VMD 参数。对所提出方法的性能进行了评估，并观察到它优于现有的用于模拟和实时 GPS 闪烁数据集的电离层闪烁效应缓解算法。所提出的方法可以从合成中去除大约 9.23–15.30 dB 的闪烁噪声，从真实闪烁指数 ( \(S_{4}\) ) 值中去除大约 0.2–0.48 dB 的闪烁噪声。因此，所提出的 (iCEEMDAN-VMD) 方法适用于减轻电离层闪烁对 GNSS 信号的影响。