Petroleum-based solvents and synthetic resins are used as raw materials for the production of varnish, which is one of the main components of offset printing inks. These petrochemical compounds that are released to the surrounding in printing process demonstrates harmful effects on environment and human health. In the light of these facts, this study was carried out to investigate the use of renewable natural resources for offset printing inks production to lower environmental impacts and protect human health. In this study, different vegetable-based offset printing inks were developed with safflower oil (SO); grape seed oil (GSO) and Pinus pinaster resin (PPR) and printability analysis were performed. To understand the effect of pine resin in the ink formulation an ink sample with mineral oil (MO) was also produced. Printing tests were carried out with coated papers and the IGT C1 offset printability tester. Color, gloss, rub resistance, viscosity and tack values were measured on the test prints. Comparison of results with standard values figured out the suitability of using the newly developed offset printing inks for printing industry. The color difference values of color differences were in range of tolerance value. The density value of SO-PPR ink was found as same with standard values while the density value GSO-PPR and MO-PPR inks were measured close to standards as 1.45, 1.42, and 1.46, respectively. The results of printability analysis demonstrated appropriate utilization of the renewable sources for ecological development of offset printing inks.

中文翻译：

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印刷业的生态方法：以植物油和松脂为可再生原料的环保胶印油墨的开发和印刷适性评估

石油基溶剂和合成树脂用作生产清漆的原料，清漆是胶印油墨的主要成分之一。这些在印刷过程中释放到周围环境的石化化合物对环境和人类健康产生了有害影响。鉴于这些事实，本研究旨在调查可再生自然资源在胶印油墨生产中的使用，以降低对环境的影响并保护人类健康。在这项研究中，使用红花油 (SO) 开发了不同的植物基胶印油墨；葡萄籽油 (GSO) 和松子树脂 (PPR) 和印刷适性分析。为了了解松脂在油墨配方中的作用，还制作了含有矿物油 (MO) 的油墨样品。使用涂布纸和 IGT C1 胶印适印性测试仪进行印刷测试。在测试印刷品上测量颜色、光泽度、耐摩擦性、粘度和粘性值。结果与标准值的比较得出了使用新开发的胶印油墨用于印刷行业的适用性。色差的色差值在公差值范围内。SO-PPR 油墨的密度值与标准值相同，而 GSO-PPR 和 MO-PPR 油墨的密度值分别为 1.45、1.42 和 1.46，接近标准。