Background: The development of drug resistance by bacterial strains is a public health issue, being the main cause of the decrease in the effectiveness of numerous antibiotics. In this context, it is essential to find new drugs with better antibacterial activity.

Objective: The authors proposed to cover relevant literature, published following the review article written by Rani et al., illustrating chemical structures and antibacterial activity of some imidazole derivatives.

Method: Approximately 100 scientific articles presenting more than 150 compounds have been reviewed. The most relevant data have been extracted and systematically arranged in figures and tables.

Results: The reviewed studies used a broad number of bacterial strains, however Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive, and Escherichia coli as Gram-negative bacterial strains were most frequently used to assess the activity of these compounds.

Conclusion: Some of the compounds showed promising results against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, thus further analysis should be performed in terms of toxicity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Additional screening of these imidazole derivatives could lead to useful compounds with potential broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against resistant pathogens.

背景：细菌菌株产生耐药性是一个公共卫生问题，是许多抗生素有效性下降的主要原因。在此背景下，寻找具有更好抗菌活性的新药至关重要。

目的：作者提议覆盖相关文献，这些文献是在 Rani 等人撰写的评论文章之后发表的，说明了一些咪唑衍生物的化学结构和抗菌活性。

方法：已经审查了大约 100 篇涉及 150 多种化合物的科学文章。最相关的数据已被提取并系统地排列在图表中。

结果：审查的研究使用了大量的细菌菌株，但最常使用金黄色葡萄球菌作为革兰氏阳性菌和大肠杆菌作为革兰氏阴性细菌菌株来评估这些化合物的活性。

结论：部分化合物对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌株均显示出有希望的结果，因此应在毒性、药代动力学和药效学方面进行进一步分析。对这些咪唑衍生物进行额外筛选可能会产生对耐药病原体具有潜在广谱抗菌活性的有用化合物。