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The origin and development of firm management
Oxford Review of Economic Policy ( IF 6.326 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 , DOI: 10.1093/oxrep/grab001
Michela Giorcelli 1
Affiliation  

This paper examines the historical origin and diffusion of management practices. Despite their centrality in modern world, the concepts of ‘management’ developed fairly recently. Only with the Industrial Revolution, due to the increased firm size, owners needed a management structure to coordinate activities across different plants. Management soon became the subject of numerous studies in economics, sociology, and psychology to maximize firm productivity. The first large-scale programme of management practices diffusion was developed in the US during the Second World War: offering such training to US firms involved in war production boosted their performance for at least 10 years. After the Second World War, the US exported its management principles to Europe, where they have large and persistent effects on small firm productivity, and to Japan, where they interacted with the local economic conditions and originated the ‘kaizen Japanese management’, which aims at ‘continuous improvement’ in firm performance.

中文翻译:

企业管理的起源与发展

本文考察了管理实践的历史起源和传播。尽管它们在现代世界中处于中心地位,但“管理”的概念是最近才发展起来的。只有在工业革命时期,由于公司规模的扩大,所有者才需要一个管理结构来协调不同工厂的活动。管理很快成为经济学、社会学和心理学领域众多研究的主题,以最大限度地提高企业生产力。第一个大规模的管理实践传播计划是在第二次世界大战期间在美国开发的:向参与战争生产的美国公司提供此类培训至少可以提高 10 年的绩效。二战后,美国将其管理原则输出到欧洲,在那里它们对小企业的生产力产生了巨大而持久的影响,并输出到了日本,
更新日期:2021-02-19
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