Purpose of Review

To examine the use of positron emission tomography (PET) for imaging post-infarct myocardial inflammation and repair.

Recent Findings

Dysregulated immune responses after myocardial infarction are associated with adverse cardiac remodelling and an increased likelihood of ischaemic heart failure. PET imaging utilising novel tracers can be applied to visualise different components of the post-infarction inflammatory and repair processes. This approach could offer unique pathophysiological insights that could prove useful for the identification and risk-stratification of individuals who would ultimately benefit most from emerging immune-modulating therapies. PET imaging could also bridge the clinical translational gap as a surrogate measure of drug efficacy in early-stage clinical trials in patients with myocardial infarction. The use of hybrid PET/MR imaging, in particular, offers the additional advantage of simultaneous in vivo molecular imaging and detailed assessment of myocardial function, viability and tissue characterisation.

Summary

Further research is needed to realise the true clinical translational value of PET imaging after myocardial infarction.

中文翻译：

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梗死后心肌炎症的 PET 成像

审查目的

研究使用正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 对梗死后心肌炎症和修复进行成像。

最近的发现

心肌梗死后免疫反应失调与不良心脏重塑和缺血性心力衰竭的可能性增加有关。利用新型示踪剂的 PET 成像可用于可视化梗死后炎症和修复过程的不同组成部分。这种方法可以提供独特的病理生理学见解，可以证明对于最终从新兴免疫调节疗法中受益最大的个体的识别和风险分层是有用的。PET 成像还可以弥补临床转化差距，作为心肌梗塞患者早期临床试验中药物疗效的替代指标。特别是，混合 PET/MR 成像的使用提供了同步体内分子成像和心肌功能、活力和组织特征详细评估的额外优势。

概括

需要进一步的研究来实现心肌梗死后 PET 成像的真正临床转化价值。