In the last 30 years, work on large wood (LW) has expanded and matured considerably, and river scientists, managers and practitioners now have a better appreciation of the role of LW in maintaining ecosystems, forming or stabilizing riverine landforms, and interacting with river morphodynamics. We have gained a better understanding of the hazards posed by the recruitment and transport of LW in the river channel and associated infrastructure. While LW dynamics have traditionally been studied in the natural river environment, innovations in laboratory techniques have enabled important advances in understanding LW process dynamics, using physical scale models, new sensors, scanners and sophisticated model boundary conditions. Current trends in LW laboratory research focus on (1) mobilization and transport of logs, (2) trapping and deposition of sediment in the presence of LW and (3) LW contribution to hydraulic flow resistance. Ultimately, a combined process understanding is needed to assess impacts upon infrastructure with erodible boundaries, such as bridge piers and LW retention racks. In this review, we present a critical analysis of emerging experimental work on LW obtained through physical modelling studies. We put recent experimental work in context with global LW management challenges. In particular, we set our work in context with the present environmental and engineering issues that confront catchment and natural resource managers in Switzerland and New Zealand. We show how improved physical models incorporating LW transport, accumulation and scouring processes are needed to contribute to more reliable hazard and risk assessment and improved river management in LW-prone systems.

中文翻译：

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与河流管理相关的大型木材 (LW) 过程的物理建模：来自新西兰和瑞士的观点

在过去的 30 年里，大型木材 (LW) 的工作已经扩展和成熟，河流科学家、管理者和从业者现在对 LW 在维持生态系统、形成或稳定河流地貌以及相互作用方面的作用有了更好的认识与河流形态动力学。我们对河道和相关基础设施中 LW 的招募和运输所带来的危害有了更好的了解。虽然 LW 动力学传统上是在天然河流环境中研究的，但实验室技术的创新使得在理解 LW 过程动力学方面取得了重要进展，使用物理尺度模型、新传感器、扫描仪和复杂的模型边界条件。LW 实验室研究的当前趋势集中在 (1) 原木的动员和运输，(2) 在 LW 存在下沉积物的捕获和沉积和 (3) LW 对水力流动阻力的贡献。最终，需要综合过程理解来评估对具有可侵蚀边界的基础设施的影响，例如桥墩和 LW 保留架。在这篇综述中，我们对通过物理建模研究获得的 LW 的新兴实验工作进行了批判性分析。我们将最近的实验工作与全球 LW 管理挑战结合起来。特别是，我们将我们的工作与当前瑞士和新西兰流域和自然资源管理者面临的环境和工程问题结合起来。我们展示了如何改进结合 LW 传输的物理模型，