Nanoparticles (NPs) can be prepared by simple reactions and methods from a number of materials. Their small size opens up a number of applications in different fields, among which biomedicine, including: i) drug delivery, ii) biosensors, iii) bioimaging, iv) antibacterial activity. To be able to perform such tasks, NPs must be modified with a variety of functional molecules, such as drugs, targeting groups, chemical tags or antibacterial agents, and must also be prevented from aggregation. The attachment must be stable to resist during the transportation to the targeted location. Diazonium salts, which have been widely used for coupling applications and surface modification, fulfil such criteria. Moreover, they are simple to prepare and can be easily substituted with a large number of organic groups. This review describes the use of these compounds in nanomedicine with a focus on the construction of nanohybrids derived from metal, oxide and carbon-based NPs as well as viruses.

纳米粒子 (NPs) 可以通过简单的反应和方法从多种材料制备。它们的小尺寸在不同领域开辟了许多应用，其中包括生物医学，包括：i) 药物输送，ii) 生物传感器，iii) 生物成像，iv) 抗菌活性。为了能够执行这些任务，NPs 必须用各种功能分子进行修饰，例如药物、靶向基团、化学标签或抗菌剂，还必须防止聚集。在运输到目标位置的过程中，附件必须稳定以抵抗。已广泛用于偶联应用和表面改性的重氮盐满足这些标准。此外，它们易于制备并且可以很容易地被大量有机基团取代。