Long term in situ atmospheric observation of the landfast ice nearby Zhongshan Station in the Prydz Bay was performed from April to November 2016. The in situ observation, including the conventional meteorological elements and turbulent flux, enabled this study to evaluate the sea ice surface energy budget process. Using in situ observations, three different reanalysis datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-analysis (ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis2 (NCEP R2), and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA55), and the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE, output for surface fluxes were evaluated. The observed sensible heat flux (SH) and net longwave radiation showed seasonal variation with increasing temperature. Air temperature rose from the middle of October as the solar elevation angle increased. The ice surface lost more energy by outgoing longwave radiation as temperature increased, while the shortwave radiation showed obvious increases from the middle of October. The oceanic heat flux demonstrated seasonal variation and decreased with time, where the average values were 21 W/m² and 11 W/m², before and after August, respectively. The comparisons with in situ observations show that, SH and LE (latent heat flux) of JRA55 dataset had the smallest bias and mean absolute error (MAE), and those of NCEP R2 data show the largest differences. The ERA-Interim dataset had the highest spatial resolution, but performance was modest with bias and MAE between JRA55 and NCEP R2 compare with in situ observation. The CICE results (SH and LE) were consistent with the observed data but did not demonstrate the amplitude of inner seasonal variation. The comparison revealed better shortwave and longwave radiation stimulation based on the ERA-Interim forcing in CICE than the radiation of ERA-Interim. The average sea ice temperature decreased in June and July and increased after September, which was similar to the temperature measured by buoys, with a bias and MAE of 0.9°C and 1.0°C, respectively.

2016 年 4 月至 11 月对普里兹湾中山站附近的陆冰进行了长期原位大气观测。原位观测包括常规气象要素和湍流通量，使本研究能够评估海冰表面能量收支过程。使用原位观测，来自欧洲中期天气预报中心中期再分析 (ERA-Interim)、国家环境预测再分析中心 2 (NCEP R2) 和日本 55 年再分析 (JRA55) 的三个不同再分析数据集，并评估了洛斯阿拉莫斯海冰模型 CICE 的表面通量输出。观测到的感热通量 ( SH) 和净长波辐射随温度升高呈季节性变化。随着太阳高度角的增加，气温从 10 月中旬开始上升。随着温度的升高，冰面向外长波辐射损失的能量更多，而短波辐射从10月中旬开始明显增加。海洋热通量呈现季节性变化并随时间降低，8 月前后的平均值分别为 21 W/m ²和 11 W/m ²。与原位观测的比较表明，SH和LEJRA55 数据集的（潜热通量）偏差和平均绝对误差（MAE）最小，而 NCEP R2 数据的偏差和平均绝对误差最大。ERA-Interim 数据集具有最高的空间分辨率，但与原位观测相比，JRA55 和 NCEP R2 之间的偏差和 MAE 性能适中。CICE 结果（SH和LE) 与观察到的数据一致，但没有证明内部季节性变化的幅度。比较表明，在 CICE 中基于 ERA-Interim 强迫的短波和长波辐射刺激比 ERA-Interim 的辐射更好。平均海冰温度在 6 月和 7 月下降，9 月后上升，与浮标测得的温度相似，偏差和 MAE 分别为 0.9°C 和 1.0°C。