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Consensus development methods: Considerations for national and global frameworks and policy development
Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy ( IF 3.348 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.06.024
Naoko Arakawa 1 , Lina R Bader 2
Affiliation  

Background

key decisions have to be made in healthcare systems and policies often under uncertain conditions or without complete objective evidence. Decisions made on the health system and policy levels affect national and global population, which requires transparency and accountability to ensure the best impact to population's health. Consensus development methods assist complex process of the decision making combining existing evidence and expert opinions. Variety of challenges affect the selection, application and use of the consensus development methods, which requires careful consideration to keep rigour, validity and transparency.

Objective

To identify and review studies which have used consensus development methods in order to develop national or international policy or framework in health field.

Methods

A literature review was conducted searching the databases PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Studies using a consensus development approach to develop tools or frameworks for health system and policy enhancement were eligible for the review. Key elements of consensus development process were extracted and reported using content analysis and narrative synthesis.

Results

The review included 26 studies in total either in national or international settings. Over 60% of studies extracted did not apply typical consensus development methods; however, stated as consensus meetings instead. Delphi technique was the most used method from the consensus development methods, which often combined with some face-to-face meeting features.

Conclusions

This review summarised the use of consensus development methods in health system and policy development. The review identified a wide range of variations in the selection, use and application of the methods in studies. For better utilisation and application of the consensus development methods in the field, some standardisation of the methods and reporting would be warranted.



中文翻译:

共识制定方法:对国家和全球框架和政策制定的考虑

背景

医疗保健系统和政策中的关键决策往往是在不确定的条件下或没有完整的客观证据的情况下做出的。在卫生系统和政策层面做出的决定会影响国家和全球人口,这需要透明度和问责制,以确保对人口健康产生最佳影响。共识发展方法有助于结合现有证据和专家意见的复杂决策过程。各种挑战影响共识开发方法的选择、应用和使用,需要仔细考虑以保持严谨性、有效性和透明度。

客观的

确定和审查使用共识制定方法的研究,以制定卫生领域的国家或国际政策或框架。

方法

对数据库 PubMed、EMBASE 和 PsycINFO 进行了文献综述。使用共识发展方法为卫生系统和政策增强开发工具或框架的研究有资格进行审查。使用内容分析和叙述综合来提取和报告共识发展过程的关键要素。

结果

该评价总共包括 26 项在国家或国际环境中的研究。超过 60% 的研究没有采用典型的共识制定方法;然而,改为共识会议。Delphi 技术是共识开发方法中使用最多的方法,它经常结合一些面对面的会议功能。

结论

本综述总结了共识制定方法在卫生系统和政策制定中的使用。审查确定了研究中方法的选择、使用和应用方面的广泛变化。为了在该领域更好地利用和应用共识制定方法,需要对方法和报告进行一些标准化。

更新日期:2021-06-30
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