Polarization is a significant factor in a great variety of optical phenomena, playing an important role in determining the focusing properties of lenses, in the resolution of optical systems, and in the performance during laser processing. Knowing the polarization distribution in focused light is critical to understanding and designing relevant optical devices and systems. However, it remains challenging to characterize the vectorial polarization distribution in optical fields. We develop a polarization-conversion-based optical microscope for directly acquiring the distribution of three orthogonal polarizations in focused light and theoretically prove and experimentally demonstrate its validity by characterizing super-resolution focused light with different incident polarizations.

中文翻译：

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用于成像聚焦光中矢量偏振分布的偏振转换显微镜

偏振是各种光学现象中的重要因素，在决定透镜的聚焦特性、光学系统的分辨率以及激光加工过程中的性能方面起着重要作用。了解聚焦光中的偏振分布对于理解和设计相关光学设备和系统至关重要。然而，表征光场中的矢量偏振分布仍然具有挑战性。我们开发了一种基于偏振转换的光学显微镜，用于直接获取聚焦光中三个正交偏振的分布，并通过表征具有不同入射偏振的超分辨率聚焦光来理论上证明和实验证明其有效性。