Conventional fossil fuel sources are being reduced and simultaneously became more and more sources of considerable undesirable influences on the environment. In an attempt to expand renewable energy sources, wind energy is playing a significant role. A doubly fed induction generator as an alternative concept of different prevalent generators in wind power industry has a conspicuous efficiency improvement impact. There are nonlinear dynamics and many uncertainties in wind power plants, such as matched and mismatched disturbances and uncertainties of parameters. Designing a convenient controller to address these nonlinearities and uncertainties is a problematic task and has been the topic of much great research. Sliding mode control is a powerful nonlinear high-frequency switching controller, which has been widely applied. In a more specialized scope, combining fractional order calculus with controllers provides more degrees of freedom for responding to the demands of existing fractional dynamics of systems. To this regard, this paper presents an adaptive fractional-order terminal sliding mode controller to extract maximum energy from a wind turbine based doubly fed induction generator, which as the name of the controller implies is adaptive and robust against uncertainties, improves control accuracy, reduces chattering and mechanical stresses, and speeds up response time. A novel and unique sliding surface has been selected for this controller. Lumped uncertainties and switching control signal parameters have been estimated by adaptation laws. Maximized aerodynamic wind energy has been harvested by utilizing the proposed controller for the rotor side converter. The Lyapunov theorem is applied to guarantee the closed-loop system stability. Under normal conditions and in the presence of uncertainty and disturbance, the proposed method has been compared with SMC and a feedback linearization proportional integral controller.

中文翻译：

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不确定条件下基于双馈感应发电机的风能转换系统的自适应分数阶控制

传统的化石燃料来源正在减少，同时越来越多地对环境产生相当大的不良影响。在扩大可再生能源的尝试中，风能发挥着重要作用。双馈感应发电机作为风力发电行业中不同流行发电机的替代概念，具有显着的效率提高影响。风电场存在非线性动力学和许多不确定性，例如匹配和不匹配扰动以及参数的不确定性。设计一个方便的控制器来解决这些非线性和不确定性是一项有问题的任务，并且一直是许多重要研究的主题。滑模控制是一种功能强大的非线性高频开关控制器，得到了广泛的应用。在更专业的范围内，将分数阶微积分与控制器相结合，为响应系统现有分数动力学的需求提供了更多的自由度。在这方面，本文提出了一种自适应分数阶终端滑模控制器，用于从基于风力涡轮机的双馈感应发电机中提取最大能量，正如控制器名称所暗示的那样，它具有自适应性和鲁棒性，可以抵抗不确定性，提高控制精度，减少颤振和机械应力，并加快响应时间。该控制器选择了一种新颖独特的滑动面。集总不确定性和开关控制信号参数已通过适应法则进行估计。通过利用所提出的转子侧转换器控制器，已经获得了最大化的气动风能。应用李雅普诺夫定理来保证闭环系统的稳定性。在正常条件下和存在不确定性和干扰的情况下，所提出的方法已与 SMC 和反馈线性化比例积分控制器进行了比较。