Remote sensing technologies are integral to monitoring the mountain cryosphere in a warming world. Satellite missions and field-based platforms have transformed understanding of the processes driving changes in mountain glacier dynamics, snow cover, lake evolution, and the associated emergence of hazards (e.g. avalanches, floods, landslides). Sensors and platforms are becoming more bespoke, with innovation being driven by the commercial sector, and image repositories are more frequently open access, leading to the democratisation of data analysis and interpretation. Cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are rapidly transforming our ability to handle this exponential increase in data. This review therefore provides a timely opportunity to synthesise current capabilities in remote sensing of the mountain cryosphere. Scientific and commercial applications were critically examined, recognising the technologies that have most advanced the discipline. Low-cost sensors can also be deployed in the field, using microprocessors and telecommunications equipment to connect mountain glaciers to stakeholders for real-time monitoring. The potential for novel automated pipelines that can process vast volumes of data is also discussed, from reimagining historical aerial imagery to produce elevation models, to automatically delineating glacier boundaries. Finally, the applications of these emerging techniques that will benefit scientific research avenues and real-world societal programmes are discussed.

在变暖的世界中，遥感技术是监测山地冰冻圈不可或缺的一部分。卫星任务和基于现场的平台改变了对驱动山地冰川动力学、积雪、湖泊演变和相关灾害（例如雪崩、洪水、山体滑坡）出现变化过程的理解。传感器和平台变得越来越定制化，创新由商业部门驱动，图像存储库更频繁地开放访问，导致数据分析和解释的民主化。云计算、人工智能和机器学习正在迅速改变我们处理数据呈指数级增长的能力。因此，本次审查为综合当前山区冰冻圈遥感能力提供了及时的机会。科学和商业应用受到严格审查，认可最先进的学科的技术。也可以在现场部署低成本传感器，使用微处理器和电信设备将山地冰川与利益相关者连接起来进行实时监测。还讨论了可以处理大量数据的新型自动化管道的潜力，从重新想象历史航拍图像到生成高程模型，到自动描绘冰川边界。最后，讨论了这些新兴技术的应用，它们将有利于科学研究途径和现实世界的社会计划。也可以在现场部署低成本传感器，使用微处理器和电信设备将山地冰川与利益相关者连接起来进行实时监测。还讨论了可以处理大量数据的新型自动化管道的潜力，从重新想象历史航拍图像到生成高程模型，到自动描绘冰川边界。最后，讨论了这些新兴技术的应用，它们将有利于科学研究途径和现实世界的社会计划。也可以在现场部署低成本传感器，使用微处理器和电信设备将山地冰川与利益相关者连接起来进行实时监测。还讨论了可以处理大量数据的新型自动化管道的潜力，从重新想象历史航拍图像到生成高程模型，到自动描绘冰川边界。最后，讨论了这些新兴技术的应用，它们将有利于科学研究途径和现实世界的社会计划。自动划定冰川边界。最后，讨论了这些新兴技术的应用，它们将有利于科学研究途径和现实世界的社会计划。自动划定冰川边界。最后，讨论了这些新兴技术的应用，它们将有利于科学研究途径和现实世界的社会计划。