The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) is the most important haematophagous ectoparasite in the poultry industry. The use of synthetic acaricides for this control is presenting risks related to human food. In this sense, plant secondary metabolites are promising for controlling this pest. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of Duguetia lanceolata A.St.-Hil. (stem bark), Xylopia emarginata Mart. (stem bark), and Xylopia sericea A.St.-Hil. (stem bark and fruits) against D. gallinae. Additionally, the secondary metabolite profile of the X. emarginata was analysed by UFLC-DAD-ESI(+)-MS/MS (micrOTOF-QII) and data analysis was performed using the Molecular Networking. In a topical application test, all plant species tested showed bioactivity, in that order of toxicity with the respective probability survival: X. emarginata (stem bark) (0.28) > X. sericea (stem barks) (0.35) > X. sericea (fruits) and D. lanceolata (stem bark) (0.47). The most promising results were found for X. emarginata (LC₅₀ = 331.769 μg/cm²). It is noteworthy that the LC₅₀ of the insecticide cypermethrin was 1234.4 μg/cm², which was 73% higher than that of X. emarginata. The metabolomic profile of X. emarginata revealed the presence of alkaloids, amides, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. This is the first report of X. emarginata acaricidal activity against D. gallinae and exploratory chemical analysis by untargeted metabolomics and the molecular network of this plant.

家禽红螨Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) 是家禽业中最重要的吸血性体外寄生虫。使用合成杀螨剂进行这种控制会带来与人类食物相关的风险。从这个意义上说，植物次生代谢物有望控制这种害虫。因此，本研究旨在评估Duguetia lanceolata A.St.- Hil的杀螨活性。（茎皮），Xylopia emarginata Mart。（茎皮）和Xylopia sericea A.St.-Hil。（茎皮和果实）对抗D. gallinae。此外，X. emarginata的次生代谢物谱通过 UFLC-DAD-ESI(+)-MS/MS (microTOF-QII) 进行分析，并使用分子网络进行数据分析。在局部应用测试中，所有测试的植物物种都显示出生物活性，按照毒性和各自存活概率的顺序：X. emarginata（茎皮）（0.28）> X. sericea（茎皮）（0.35）> X. sericea（果）和D. lanceolata（茎皮）（0.47）。最有希望的结果是X. emarginata (LC ₅₀ = 331.769 μg/cm ² )。值得注意的是，杀虫剂氯氰菊酯的LC ₅₀为1234.4 μg/cm ²，比X. emarginata高73%. X. emarginata的代谢组学特征显示存在生物碱、酰胺、萜类化合物和酚类化合物。这是首次报道X. emarginata对杀螨活性D.鸡皮和探索化学分析由非靶向代谢组学和这种植物的分子网络。