High-throughput satellites (HTSs) play an important role in future millimeter-wave (mmWave) aeronautical communication to meet high speed and broad bandwidth requirements. This paper investigates the outage performance of an aeronautical broadband satellite communication system’s forward link, where the feeder link from the gateway to the HTS uses free-space optical (FSO) transmission and the user link from the HTS to aircraft operates at the mmWave band. In the user link, spot beam technology is exploited at the HTS and a massive antenna array is deployed at the aircraft. We first present a location-based beamforming (BF) scheme to maximize the expected output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the forward link with the amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol, which turns out to be a phased array. Then, by supposing that the FSO feeder link follows Gamma-Gamma fading whereas the mmWave user link experiences shadowed Rician fading, we take the influence of the phase error into account, and derive the closed-form expression of the outage probability (OP) for the considered system. To gain further insight, a simple asymptotic OP expression at a high SNR is provided to show the diversity order and coding gain. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to confirm the validity of the theoretical analysis and reveal the effects of phase errors on the system outage performance.

高通量卫星 (HTS) 在未来毫米波 (mmWave) 航空通信中发挥重要作用，以满足高速和宽带宽需求。本文研究了航空宽带卫星通信系统前向链路的中断性能，其中从网关到 HTS 的馈线链路使用自由空间光 (FSO) 传输，而从 HTS 到飞机的用户链路运行在毫米波频段。在用户链路中，HTS采用点波束技术，并在飞机上部署了一个巨大的天线阵列。我们首先提出了一种基于位置的波束成形 (BF) 方案，通过放大转发 (AF) 协议来最大化前向链路的预期输出信噪比 (SNR)，结果证明它是一个相控阵. 然后，通过假设 FSO 馈线链路遵循 Gamma-Gamma 衰落而 mmWave 用户链路经历阴影 Rician 衰落，我们将相位误差的影响考虑在内，并推导出所考虑的中断概率 (OP) 的闭式表达式系统。为了进一步了解，提供了一个简单的高信噪比下的渐近 OP 表达式来显示分集顺序和编码增益。最后，通过数值模拟验证了理论分析的有效性，揭示了相位误差对系统停电性能的影响。提供了一个简单的高 SNR 渐近 OP 表达式来显示分集顺序和编码增益。最后，通过数值模拟验证了理论分析的有效性，揭示了相位误差对系统停电性能的影响。提供了一个简单的高 SNR 渐近 OP 表达式来显示分集顺序和编码增益。最后，通过数值模拟验证了理论分析的有效性，揭示了相位误差对系统停电性能的影响。