Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common eye disease in elderly patients, which could lead to irreversible vision loss and blindness. Increasing evidence indicates that amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) might be associated with the pathogenesis of AMD. In this review, we would like to summarise the current findings in this field. The literature search was done from 1995 to Feb, 2021 with following keywords, ‘Amyloid β-peptide and age-related macular degeneration’, ‘Inflammation and age-related macular degeneration’, ‘Angiogenesis and age-related macular degeneration’, ‘Actin cytoskeleton and amyloid β-peptide’, ‘Mitochondrial dysfunction and amyloid β-peptide’, ‘Ribosomal dysregulation and amyloid β-peptide’ using search engines Pubmed, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Aβ congregates in subretinal drusen of patients with AMD and participates in the pathogenesis of AMD through enhancing inflammatory activity, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, altering ribosomal function, regulating the lysosomal pathway, affecting RNA splicing, modulating angiogenesis and modifying cell structure in AMD. The methods targeting Aβ are shown to inhibit inflammatory signalling pathway and restore the function of retinal pigment epithelium cells and photoreceptor cells in the subretinal region. Targeting Aβ may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for AMD.

中文翻译：

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淀粉样蛋白β-肽在年龄相关性黄斑变性发病机制中的作用

年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是老年患者最常见的眼病，可导致不可逆的视力丧失和失明。越来越多的证据表明，淀粉样蛋白 β-肽 (Aβ) 可能与 AMD 的发病机制有关。在这篇综述中，我们想总结一下该领域的当前发现。检索时间为1995年至2021年2月，关键词为“淀粉样蛋白β-肽与年龄相关性黄斑变性”、“炎症与年龄相关性黄斑变性”、“血管生成与年龄相关性黄斑变性”、“肌动蛋白”细胞骨架和淀粉样蛋白 β-肽”、“线粒体功能障碍和淀粉样蛋白 β-肽”、“核糖体失调和淀粉样蛋白 β-肽”使用搜索引擎 Pubmed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science。Aβ聚集在AMD患者的视网膜下玻璃膜疣中，通过增强炎症活性、诱导线粒体功能障碍、改变核糖体功能、调节溶酶体途径、影响RNA剪接、调节血管生成和改变AMD中的细胞结构，参与AMD的发病机制。研究表明，靶向 Aβ 的方法可抑制炎症信号通路并恢复视网膜下区域的视网膜色素上皮细胞和感光细胞的功能。靶向 Aβ 可能为 AMD 提供一种新的治疗策略。研究表明，靶向 Aβ 的方法可抑制炎症信号通路并恢复视网膜下区域的视网膜色素上皮细胞和感光细胞的功能。靶向 Aβ 可能为 AMD 提供一种新的治疗策略。研究表明，靶向 Aβ 的方法可抑制炎症信号通路并恢复视网膜下区域的视网膜色素上皮细胞和感光细胞的功能。靶向 Aβ 可能为 AMD 提供一种新的治疗策略。