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Peptide Supramolecular Self-Assembly:Structural Precise Regulation and Functionalization
Acta Chimica Sinica ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 , DOI: 10.6023/a17060272
Juan Wang , Qianli Zou , Xuehai Yan

Biomolecular self-assembly plays a significant role for physiological function. Inspired by this, the construction of functional structures and architectures by biomolecular self-assembly has attracted tremendous attentions. Peptides can be assembled into diverse nanostructures, exhibiting important potential for biomedical and green-life technology applications. How to achieve the structural precise regulation of various nanostructures and functionalization by precise control of structures is the two key challenges in the field of peptide self-assembly. As the assembly process is a spontaneous thermodynamic and kinetic driven process, and is determined by the cooperation of various intermolecular non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen-bonding, electrostatic, p-p stacking, hydrophobic, and van der Waals interactions, the reasonable regulation of these non-covalent interactions is a critical pathway to achieve the two goals. To modulate these non-covalent interactions, one of the common used methods is to change the kinetic factors/external environment, including pH, ionic strength, and temperature, etc. These kinetic factors can effectively influence the interactions between peptides and solvents, resulting in dynamic and responsive variations in structures through multiple length scales and ultimate morphologies. However, the fatal disadvantage is the lacking of the precise regulation of assembled structures in the molecular level with consideration of both thermodynamics and kinetics. Compared with changing the external environment, the specific and precise molecular design is more favorable to achieve the structural precise regulation. The molecular structures and the component of building blocks can be rationally designed. For example, one can modulate the interactions between two or more than two building blocks by changing the physicochemical properties of each building block, enabling self-assembly and structural diversity of the final nanostructures. Furthermore, by combining peptides and other functional biomolecules (such as porphyrins), the functionalization of assembled nanostructures and architectures can be achieved more easily and flexibly. In this review, we will focus on the structural precise regulation and the functionalization of assembled peptide nanostructures. It is believed that the precise regulation of nanostructures is promising to promote the development of peptide-based materials towards green-life technology applications.

中文翻译:

肽超分子自组装:结构精准调控与功能化

生物分子自组装对生理功能起着重要作用。受此启发,通过生物分子自组装构建功能结构和架构引起了极大的关注。肽可以组装成不同的纳米结构,在生物医学和绿色生活技术应用中展现出重要的潜力。如何通过结构的精确控制实现各种纳米结构的结构精确调控和功能化,是多肽自组装领域面临的两个关键挑战。由于组装过程是一个自发的热力学和动力学驱动过程,由各种分子间非共价相互作用的协同作用决定,包括氢键、静电、pp堆积、疏水和范德华相互作用,对这些非共价相互作用的合理调控是实现这两个目标的关键途径。为了调节这些非共价相互作用,常用的方法之一是改变动力学因素/外部环境,包括 pH、离子强度和温度等。这些动力学因素可以有效地影响肽与溶剂之间的相互作用,从而导致通过多个长度尺度和最终形态结构的动态和响应变化。然而,致命的缺点是在分子水平上缺乏对组装结构的精确调控,同时考虑热力学和动力学。与改变外部环境相比,特异性精确的分子设计更有利于实现结构的精确调控。可以合理设计分子结构和积木成分。例如,可以通过改变每个构建块的物理化学特性来调节两个或两个以上构建块之间的相互作用,从而实现最终纳米结构的自组装和结构多样性。此外,通过结合肽和其他功能性生物分子(如卟啉),可以更轻松、灵活地实现组装的纳米结构和架构的功能化。在这篇综述中,我们将重点关注组装肽纳米结构的结构精确调控和功能化。相信纳米结构的精确调控有望促进肽基材料向绿色生活技术应用的发展。
更新日期:2017-01-01
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