How much does economic development policy matter? Can it catalyze a region’s economic transformation? Or is it more often the case that a region happens to be lucky or unlucky, depending on whether its historical endowments match well with national economic trends?

中文翻译：

---

匹兹堡和克利夫兰经济体的政策与运气

经济发展政策有多重要？它能否催化一个地区的经济转型？还是更常见的情况是，一个地区的幸运或不幸，取决于其历史禀赋是否与国家经济趋势相匹配？