Macroscopic poroelasticity and effective medium theory are two independent approaches which can be used to analyze the role of pores, cracks, and fluid on elastic properties. Macroscopic poroelasticity belongs to the macroscopic framework of thermodynamics whereas effective medium theory expresses the medium properties in terms of microstructural characteristics (pore and crack shape, etc.) and component properties (fluid properties, solid grain properties, etc.). In this paper, we review the fundamental assumptions and results of both approaches, and show that they are complementary but do not apply over the same range of conditions. A compilation of data is reported, in various dry and saturated rocks, to show the validity of the Gassmann equation and the dispersion between unrelaxed modulus –where effective medium model applies- and relaxed modulus –where poroelasticity applies.

宏观多孔弹性理论和有效介质理论是两种独立的方法，可用于分析孔隙、裂缝和流体对弹性特性的作用。宏观多孔弹性属于热力学的宏观框架，而有效介质理论从微观结构特征（孔隙和裂纹形状等）和组分性质（流体性质、固体颗粒性质等）方面来表达介质性质。在本文中，我们回顾了两种方法的基本假设和结果，并表明它们是互补的，但不适用于相同的条件范围。报告了各种干燥和饱和岩石中的数据汇编，