The Korean traditional farm pond called dumbeong is an important rural landscape element that supports local biodiversity and is useful in irrigating agricultural fields during dry periods. This study assesses how plant communities in dumbeongs respond to adjacent land use, water depth, open-water surface, and nutrient levels and irrigation usage. Plant functional and species groups, based on trait and species data respectively from 20 dumbeongs in Seocheon-gun, South Korea, were classified by hierarchical analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling. Relationships between the plant community composition and explanatory variables at both the species and functional group levels were tested through redundancy analysis. The results showed that irrigation usage prevented nutrient accumulation and water depth reduction of the ponds, and we found water depth was the only significant factor that determined plant composition at both species and functional group levels. The plant functional groups were more useful than plant species in predicting plant composition in dumbeongs, owing to their collective response to water depth and open-water surface. Our results demonstrate that management practices of dumbeong, such as periodic drainage, sediment removal and control of dominant plant species, alter its plant communities and thus need to be considered for biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. Corresponding author: leedw@snu.ac.kr

中文翻译：

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韩国传统农场池塘植物组合的性状评估：生态和管理意义

韩国传统农田池塘被称为“潜明”，是支持当地生物多样性的重要乡村景观元素，在干旱时期可用于灌溉农田。这项研究评估了哑铃中的植物群落如何对邻近的土地利用、水深、开放水域表面、养分水平和灌溉使用做出反应。植物功能和物种组，分别基于来自韩国舒川郡 20 个哑铃的性状和物种数据，通过层次分析和非度量多维标度进行分类。通过冗余分析测试了物种和功能组水平上植物群落组成与解释变量之间的关系。结果表明，灌溉使用阻止了池塘养分积累和水深减少，我们发现水深是在物种和功能组水平上决定植物组成的唯一重要因素。由于它们对水深和开阔水面的集体反应，植物功能组比植物物种在预测哑铃植物组成方面更有用。我们的研究结果表明，dumpeong 的管理实践，例如定期排水、清除沉积物和控制优势植物物种，会改变其植物群落，因此需要考虑农业景观中的生物多样性保护。通讯作者: leedw@snu.ac.kr 由于他们对水深和开阔水域的集体反应。我们的研究结果表明，dumpeong 的管理实践，例如定期排水、清除沉积物和控制优势植物物种，会改变其植物群落，因此需要考虑农业景观中的生物多样性保护。通讯作者: leedw@snu.ac.kr 由于他们对水深和开阔水域的集体反应。我们的研究结果表明，dumpeong 的管理实践，例如定期排水、清除沉积物和控制优势植物物种，会改变其植物群落，因此需要考虑农业景观中的生物多样性保护。通讯作者: leedw@snu.ac.kr