In this contribution, a new optimized photonic bandgap (PBG) based antenna is proposed for broadband applications of the terahertz spectrum. First, the reference antenna is designed and optimized using a parametric study to operate at the resonance frequency of 0.3 THz. Then, the optimization is performed with a novel technique, called segmented objects technique (SOT), to guide the optimization of the PBG based substrate using genetic algorithms (GA). SOT permits to automatically change the geometry of the design space and guide the optimization through the evolutionary algorithms (EA) simply, efficiently and it is less expensive in terms of simulation time in order to explore the design space. Genetic algorithms are used for the optimization purpose in order to find the best PBG configuration of the antenna substrate for an optimal solution between bandwidth, gain, and frequency invariance. During this optimization, different PBG configurations are designed and analyzed using Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The antenna has a size of 118×118×100 µm³ and covers a bandwidth of 133 GHz that ranges from 255 GHz to 388 GHz with a return loss of −58.70 dB and a gain of 9.43 dBi. The enhancement in terms of gain, bandwidth, and return loss after optimization was 3.74%, 104.62%, and 208.94% respectively. Various electrical parameters of these optimized antennas have been compared with reported literature over the past few years. The achieved results of the optimized PBG structure make the proposed design a viable candidate to meet the demand for high-speed data in the next cellular mobile system.

在这一贡献中，提出了一种新的基于优化光子带隙 (PBG) 的天线，用于太赫兹频谱的宽带应用。首先，参考天线使用参数研究进行设计和优化，以在 0.3 THz 的谐振频率下运行。然后，使用称为分段对象技术 (SOT) 的新技术进行优化，以指导使用遗传算法 (GA) 优化基于 PBG 的基板。SOT 允许自动更改设计空间的几何形状，并通过进化算法 (EA) 简单有效地引导优化，并且在模拟时间方面更便宜，以便探索设计空间。遗传算法用于优化目的，以便为带宽、增益和频率不变性之间的最佳解决方案找到天线基板的最佳 PBG 配置。在此优化过程中，使用 Ansoft 高频结构模拟器 (HFSS) 设计和分析了不同的 PBG 配置。天线尺寸为118×118×100 µm³并覆盖 133 GHz 的带宽，范围从 255 GHz 到 388 GHz，回波损耗为 -58.70 dB，增益为 9.43 dBi。优化后增益、带宽、回波损耗分别提升3.74%、104.62%、208.94%。这些优化天线的各种电气参数已与过去几年报道的文献进行了比较。优化的 PBG 结构所取得的成果使所提出的设计成为满足下一个蜂窝移动系统对高速数据需求的可行候选方案。