当前位置: X-MOL 学术Intelligence › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
The future of intelligence research in the coming age of artificial intelligence – With a special consideration of the philosophical movements of trans- and posthumanism
Intelligence ( IF 3.613 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2021.101563
Aljoscha C. Neubauer

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a hot topic in society as it seems to extend and challenge human cognitive capacity. Yet, it is surprising that human intelligence research in particular and psychology in general has so far contributed very little to the ongoing debates on AI and the related philosophical movements of trans- and posthumanism. Transhumanism promotes the development of technologies that aim at strongly enhancing human psychological (especially intellectual) capacities, achieved by applying neuroscience methods such as transcranial electric/magnetic stimulation (TES, TMS), brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), deep-brain stimulation (DBS), pharmacological and even nanotechnological methods aimed at brain repair or enhancement of brain plasticity. The goal is to achieve a “post-human future,” in which current problems of human mankind should finally be solved. In this contribution I will (1) describe current neuroscientific and pharmacological methods that aim at enhancing human intelligence and how successful they can currently be considered; (2) outline potential implications of a wider application of cognitive enhancements (viewed from a societal perspective, and from an evolutionary perspective of individual differences); (3) outline commonalities and differences between concepts of human versus artificial intelligence; (4) discuss the promises and perils of an (artificial) “super-intelligence” (sensu Nick Bostrom); and (5) consider how psychology could or should contribute to the development of such a “super-intelligence.” Finally, I will try to answer the question: What are the implications of our knowledge on individual differences in psychological traits (e.g., cognitive and social/emotional traits, values) for the further development of AI?



中文翻译:

人工智能时代下智能研究的未来——特别考虑跨人类主义和后人类主义的哲学运动

人工智能(AI)是社会的热门话题,因为它似乎扩展和挑战人类的认知能力。然而,令人惊讶的是,人类智能研究,尤其是一般心理学,迄今为止对人工智能的持续辩论以及相关的超人类主义和后人类主义哲学运动贡献甚微。超人促进了旨在强烈提高人类心理(尤其是智能)的能力,通过应用神经科学方法,如经颅电/磁刺激(TES,TMS),脑机接口(景气),深脑刺激(实现的技术的发展DBS),针对脑修复或增强大脑可塑性的药理,甚至纳米技术方法。我们的目标是实现“后人类的未来,”在人类人类当前的问题应最终得到解决。在这方面的贡献,我将(1)描述当前神经科学和旨在提高人类的智慧,以及如何成功的,他们目前被认为药理学方法; (2) 概述更广泛应用认知增强的潜在影响(从社会角度和个体差异的进化角度来看);(3)轮廓的共同点和人类对人工智能的概念之间的差异; (4)讨论的承诺和(人工)的危险“超级智能”(意义上的尼克·博斯特罗姆); (5)考虑如何心理学能够或应该有助于这种发展的“超级智能”。最后,我会尽量回答这个问题:

更新日期:2021-06-28
down
wechat
bug