A microcosm study was conducted at two different temperatures under laboratory conditions to investigate the regulatory capacity and the interactive performance of two soil fauna species (Aporrectodea caliginosa, earthworms, and Proisotoma minuta, collembolans) on the reduction of Fusarium toxins in contaminated maize stubbles. Single and mixed species treatments were exposed to artificially infected maize stubbles highly contaminated with the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) (10,462 µg kg⁻¹) and zearalenone (ZEN) (2,780 µg kg⁻¹) at 17 °C and 25 °C for time periods of 3 and 6 weeks. Immediately after the respective end of incubation, the microcosms were heavily watered to determine the leaching potential of DON and ZEN from contaminated maize stubbles. Maize residues, soil, and eluted water (percolate) samples were analysed for mycotoxin content using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The biomass of introduced earthworms and number of collembolans were monitored to get information about their adaptability to the experimental conditions. While the decline of ZEN was temperature-dependent, but not influenced by faunal activities, a reduction of DON due to faunal impact was observed by trend. In the leaching experiment, 67–82% of the DON content in the residual maize stubbles leached from the plant material by irrigation and was detected in the soil (1.9–3.4 µg kg⁻¹) and in the percolate (12–295 µg L⁻¹). In the case of ZEN, 27–50% of the mycotoxin leached from the residual maize stubbles due to watering but was only occasionally detected in traces in the soil and not found in the percolate. The results clearly reveal a leaching potential of both DON and ZEN, respectively, but a mobilisation with water was only observed for DON. Temperature confirmed to be a key factor, affecting the fate of the mycotoxins in the soil by driving the interaction between different soil fauna members as well as functional and trophic levels within the soil food web.

在实验室条件下在两种不同温度下进行了一项微观研究，以研究两种土壤动物物种（Aporrectodea caliginosa、蚯蚓和Proisotoma minuta、collembolans）对减少受污染玉米茬中镰刀菌毒素的调节能力和交互性能。单一和混合物种处理暴露于被霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 (DON) (10,462 µg kg ^-1 ) 和玉米赤霉烯酮 (ZEN) (2,780 µg kg ^-1 )高度污染的人工感染玉米茬) 在 17 °C 和 25 °C 下持续 3 周和 6 周。在相应的孵化结束后，立即对微观世界进行大量浇水，以确定 DON 和 ZEN 从受污染的玉米茬中浸出的潜力。使用液相色谱与质谱联用分析了玉米残留物、土壤和洗脱水（渗滤液）样品的霉菌毒素含量。监测引入的蚯蚓的生物量和跳虫的数量，以获取有关它们对实验条件的适应性的信息。虽然 ZEN 的下降与温度有关，但不受动物群活动的影响，但观察到由于动物群影响导致的 DON 下降趋势。在浸出实验中，残留玉米茬中 67-82% 的 DON 含量通过灌溉从植物材料中浸出，并在土壤中检测到 (1.9-3.^-1 ) 和渗滤液 (12–295 µg L ^-1 )。就 ZEN 而言，由于浇水，27-50% 的霉菌毒素从残留的玉米茬中浸出，但只是偶尔在土壤中的痕量中检测到，而在渗滤液中没有发现。结果分别清楚地显示了 DON 和 ZEN 的浸出潜力，但仅观察到 DON 的水迁移。温度被证实是一个关键因素，它通过驱动不同土壤动物群成员之间的相互作用以及土壤食物网内的功能和营养水平来影响土壤中真菌毒素的归宿。