ABSTRACT

Driven in part by its metabolic versatility, high intrinsic antibiotic resistance, and a large repertoire of virulence factors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is expertly adapted to thrive in a wide variety of environments, and in the process, making it a notorious opportunistic pathogen. Apart from the extensively studied chronic infection in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), P. aeruginosa also causes multiple serious infections encompassing essentially all organs of the human body, among others, lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primary ciliary dyskinesia and ventilator-associated pneumonia; bacteremia and sepsis; soft tissue infection in burns, open wounds and postsurgery patients; urinary tract infection; diabetic foot ulcers; chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa; and keratitis associated with extended contact lens use. Although well characterized in the context of CF, pathogenic processes mediated by various P. aeruginosa virulence factors in other organ systems remain poorly understood. In this review, we use an organ system-based approach to provide a synopsis of disease mechanisms exerted by P. aeruginosa virulence determinants that contribute to its success as a versatile pathogen.

摘要

部分由于其代谢多功能性、高内在抗生素抗性和大量毒力因子，铜绿假单胞菌熟练地适应在各种环境中茁壮成长，并在此过程中使其成为臭名昭著的机会性病原体。除了广泛研究的囊性纤维化 (CF) 患者肺部慢性感染外，铜绿假单胞菌还会导致多种严重感染，基本上包括人体所有器官，其中包括慢性阻塞性肺病患者的肺部感染、原发性纤毛运动障碍和呼吸机相关性肺炎；菌血症和败血症；烧伤、开放性伤口和术后患者的软组织感染；尿路感染; 糖尿病足溃疡; 慢性化脓性中耳炎和外耳炎；和长期使用隐形眼镜相关的角膜炎。尽管在 CF 的背景下得到了很好的表征，但其他器官系统中由各种铜绿假单胞菌毒力因子介导的致病过程仍然知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们使用基于器官系统的方法来提供由铜绿假单胞菌施加的疾病机制的概要毒力决定因素，有助于其作为多功能病原体的成功。