Infections related to antibiotic resistant bacteria are accelerating on a global scale, and hence to encounter this problem in case of urinary tract infections; bacteriophages were isolated for biocontrol of multi-drug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPECs) isolates. Four lytic phages were purified, characterized, and evaluated for their effectiveness in the form of cocktail and in synergy with antibiotics. Morphological features and other life cycle specifications of phages revealed that two phages Escherichia phage FS11 and Escherichia phage FS17 belonged to Myoviridae and the other two phages Escherichia phage PS8 and Escherichia phage PS6 belonged to Siphoviridae family of order Caudovirales. One step growth curve analysis demonstrated that phage FS11 and phage FS17 had latent time of 24 min and 26 min, and a burst size of ~121 and 98 phage particles/ cell respectively; while for phage PS8 and phage PS6, the latent time was 42 min and 35 min, and the burst size was 87 and 78 particles/ cell, respectively; depicting the lytic nature of phages. The use of all four phages together in the form of a cocktail resulted into a considerable enhancement in the lytic ability; the phage cocktail lysed 86.7% of the clinical isolates, compared to lysis in the range of 50%-66% by individual phages. Studies on in vitro evaluation of phage-antibiotic combinations revealed synergism between antibiotics and the phage cocktail (phage PS6 and phage FS17), wherein the phage cocktail was observed to efficiently inhibit the strains in the presence of sub-lethal doses of antibiotics. The study thus concludes that the use of multiple phages and phage-antibiotic combinations could prove beneficial in the era of rapidly increasing drug-resistant strains.

与抗生素耐药菌相关的感染正在全球范围内加速，因此在尿路感染的情况下会遇到这个问题；噬菌体被分离出来用于对多药耐药 (MDR) 尿路致病性大肠杆菌(UPECs) 分离株的生物防治。四种裂解噬菌体被纯化、表征并评估它们以鸡尾酒形式和与抗生素协同作用的有效性。噬菌体的形态学特征和其他生命周期特征表明，两个噬菌体埃希氏菌噬菌体FS11和大肠埃希氏菌噬菌体FS17属于肌病毒科，另外两个噬菌体埃希氏菌噬菌体PS8和埃希氏菌噬菌体PS6属于尾病毒目Siphoviridae家族。. 一步生长曲线分析表明，噬菌体 FS11 和 FS17 的潜伏时间分别为 24 分钟和 26 分钟，爆发大小分别为~121 和 98 个噬菌体颗粒/细胞；噬菌体 PS8 和噬菌体 PS6 的潜伏时间分别为 42 分钟和 35 分钟，爆发大小分别为 87 和 78 个颗粒/细胞；描绘噬菌体的裂解性质。以鸡尾酒的形式同时使用所有四种噬菌体导致溶解能力显着增强；噬菌体混合物裂解了 86.7% 的临床分离株，而单个噬菌体的裂解范围为 50%-66%。体外研究噬菌体-抗生素组合的评估揭示了抗生素和噬菌体混合物（噬菌体 PS6 和噬菌体 FS17）之间的协同作用，其中观察到噬菌体混合物在亚致死剂量的抗生素存在下有效抑制菌株。因此，该研究得出结论，在耐药菌株迅速增加的时代，使用多种噬菌体和噬菌体-抗生素组合可能是有益的。