Suicide is a major public health problem in Mexico and around the world. Genetic predisposition for major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with increased risk for suicidal behaviors (SB) in populations of European ancestry (EA). Here, we examine whether MDD polygenic risk scores (MDD PRS), derived from a genome-wide association study involving EA individuals, predict SB, including ideation, planning, and attempt, among Mexican youth using a longitudinal design. At baseline, participants (N = 1,128, 12–17 years, 55% women) were interviewed and genotyped as part of a general population survey on adolescent mental health. Eight years later, they were recontacted for a follow up visit (N = 437, 20–25 years, 63% women). At both assessments, individuals reported on their engagement in SB within the past year. MDD PRS were significantly positively associated with SB, particularly suicide ideation and planning during adolescence, accounting for ~4–5% of the variance in these outcomes. In contrast, associations between MDD PRS and SB during young adulthood did not reach statistical significance. Our results suggest that increased genetic liability for depression increased risk for SB, particularly during adolescence, expanding our knowledge of the genetic underpinnings of SB.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥青少年的自杀意念和计划与抑郁症多基因风险评分相关

自杀是墨西哥和世界各地的主要公共卫生问题。重度抑郁症 (MDD) 的遗传易感性与欧洲血统 (EA) 人群的自杀行为 (SB) 风险增加有关。在这里，我们使用纵向设计检查来自涉及 EA 个体的全基因组关联研究的 MDD 多基因风险评分 (MDD PRS) 是否可以预测墨西哥青年的 SB，包括构思、计划和尝试。在基线时，参与者（N  = 1,128，12-17 岁，55% 的女性）作为青少年心理健康一般人群调查的一部分接受了采访和基因分型。八年后，他们再次联系进行后续访问（N = 437，20-25 岁，63% 为女性）。在这两项评估中，个人报告了他们在过去一年内参与 SB 的情况。MDD PRS 与 SB 显着正相关，特别是青春期的自杀意念和计划，占这些结果差异的约 4-5%。相比之下，青年期 MDD PRS 和 SB 之间的关联没有达到统计学意义。我们的研究结果表明，抑郁症的遗传风险增加会增加 SB 的风险，尤其是在青春期，这扩大了我们对 SB 遗传基础的了解。