Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) have attracted growing attention in the academic world as well as in policy spheres during this last decade. The internal and systemic mechanics of EEs are now based on solid theoretical and empirical foundations. However, few analyses have addressed how the structure and development of EEs are affected by and affect, in turn, the underlying competitive and regulatory dynamics that play out globally. To fill this gap, first, we use a multi-scalar framework where EEs are defined as local micro-organizations which are embedded both in regional contexts and in global market dynamics. Second, we suggest using the building blocks of EEs as the key components of a historical event analysis applied to the case of the IoT Valley in Toulouse (France), a digital EE dedicated to Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, from 2009 to 2019. This allows us to discern how events and scales work together over time and to offer a more complete and robust view of how EE dynamics result from the kinetics between entrepreneurial forces, regional context, and the worldwide battle between business ecosystems developing IoT platforms.

在过去的十年中，创业生态系统 (EE) 在学术界和政策领域引起了越来越多的关注。EE 的内部和系统机制现在基于坚实的理论和经验基础。然而，很少有分析涉及 EE 的结构和发展如何受到全球范围内潜在的竞争和监管动态的影响和影响。为了填补这一空白，首先，我们使用了一个多标量框架，其中 EE 被定义为嵌入在区域环境和全球市场动态中的本地微型组织。其次，我们建议使用 EE 的构建块作为历史事件分析的关键组成部分，适用于图卢兹（法国）物联网谷的案例，