Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions among elder people. Nowadays, natural antioxidants have been used to recover the quality of life for those with AD. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the combined effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Ginkgo bilobastandardized extract (EGb761) on AD mice. AD was induced in adult male albino mice with AlCl₃ (20 mg/kg b.w, i.g.) and D-galactose (D-gal; 120 mg/kg, i.p.) for 90 days. 30 days after induction, mice were treated with DHA (200 mg/kg b.w., i.g.) and EGb761 (200 mg/kg b.w., i.g.) for two months. Our data revealed that the dual treatment of DHA and EGb761 significantly improved cognitive memory and spatial learning abilities in AD-induced mice. The drug treatments preserved the hippocampal CA3 architecture and restored neuronal ultrastructural alterations. Expression of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), the most implicated protein phosphatase in AD neurodegeneration, was highly upregulated in the CA3 hippocampus of AD mice treated with DHA and EGb761. Intriguingly, TNF-α expression was significantly reduced in the same group. In conclusion, our findings proved that the combined effect of DHA and EGb761 tended to be potent against the neurodegenerative effect of AlCl₃ and D-gal. The applied treatment enhanced neuronal survival and cognitive functions via upregulation of PP2A and restoration of TNF-α expression.

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一，其特征是老年人的记忆力和其他认知功能进行性丧失。如今，天然抗氧化剂已被用于恢复 AD 患者的生活质量。在这项研究中，我们首次研究了二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 和银杏标准化提取物 (EGb761) 对 AD 小鼠的联合作用。_{用 AlCl 3}在成年雄性白化病小鼠中诱导 AD(20 mg/kg bw, ig) 和 D-半乳糖 (D-gal; 120 mg/kg, ip) 90 天。诱导后 30 天，用 DHA (200 mg/kg bw, ig) 和 EGb761 (200 mg/kg bw, ig) 治疗小鼠两个月。我们的数据显示，DHA 和 EGb761 的双重治疗显着改善了 AD 诱导小鼠的认知记忆和空间学习能力。药物治疗保留了海马 CA3 结构并恢复了神经元超微结构的改变。蛋白磷酸酶 2A (PP2A) 是 AD 神经变性中最牵连的蛋白磷酸酶，在用 DHA 和 EGb761 处理的 AD 小鼠的 CA3 海马中高度上调。有趣的是，同一组的 TNF-α 表达显着降低。综上所述，₃和D-gal。应用治疗通过上调 PP2A 和恢复 TNF-α 表达来增强神经元存活和认知功能。